乙酰辅酶A合成酶2在肿瘤发生发展中的研究进展
2021-04-25杨赟陈德玉
杨赟?陈德玉
【摘要】乙酰辅酶A是肿瘤快速生长过程中不可或缺的合成代谢原料,根据瓦伯格效应,肿瘤细胞无法通过丙酮酸氧化脱羧产生乙酰辅酶A,其乙酰辅酶A主要由乙酰辅酶A合成酶2(ACSS2)催化短链脂肪酸所合成,即乙酸+辅酶A+ATP = 乙酰辅酶A+二磷酸+AMP,表明了ACSS2在维持肿瘤细胞生长方面至关重要。近年来,越来越多的证据表明,ACSS2活性和表达异常与肿瘤增殖、侵袭、转移、抗凋亡和耐药性等密切相关,该文围绕ACSS2在肿瘤中的相关作用及机制的研究进展进行了综述。
【关键词】乙酰辅酶A合成酶2;肿瘤侵袭;肿瘤迁移;肿瘤治疗抵抗
Research progress on acyl-CoA synthetase short chain family member 2 in tumor igenesis and deve-lopment Yang Yun, Chen Deyu. Clinical Center of Tumor Therapy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
Corresponding author, Chen Deyu, E-mail: cdeyu@ hotmail. com
【Abstract】Acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) is an indispensable synthetic and metabolic material in the process of rapid growth of tumors. According to the Warburg effect, tumor cells can not produce acetyl CoA by oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate. Acetyl CoA is mainly synthesized by acyl-CoA synthetase short chain family member 2(ACSS2), acetic acid + coenzyme A + ATP = acetyl coenzyme A + diphosphate + AMP, indicating that ACSS2 plays an important role in maintaining the growth of tumor cells. In recent years, more and more evidence has demonstrated that abnormal activity and expression of ACSS2 are closely associated with tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, anti-apoptosis and drug resistance, etc. In this article, the research progresses on the role and mechanism of ACSS2 in these tumor characteristics were reviewed.
【Key words】Acyl-CoA synthetase short chain family member 2;Tumor invasion;Tumor migration;
Tumor therapeutic resistance
恶性肿瘤是一类高病死率疾病,国际癌症研究中心最近出版的《2020全球癌症报告》指出,当前恶性肿瘤居于大部分国家30 ~ 69歲居民死因的前2位,预计至2040年,全球每年新发癌症人数将增加至2700万人[1]。由于多数恶性肿瘤患者确诊时已处于中晚期,且大部分肿瘤具有高转移、易复发、易耐药等特性,故这类肿瘤患者预后差,5年生存率不容乐观。随着代谢组学技术的不断发展,近年来学者们对肿瘤代谢方式的研究也逐渐深入,越来越多的证据表明糖类、氨基酸、脂肪酸等多种代谢物发生的变化能为肿瘤适应外部环境提供助力[2]。例如在肿瘤发生发展过程中,能量物质代谢的枢纽乙酰辅酶A发生代谢重编程,以满足肿瘤细胞无限增殖所需要的脂肪酸。根据瓦伯格效应,即使在有氧情况下,肿瘤细胞也主要利用糖酵解产生能量,而不是通过产能效率更高的线粒体氧化磷酸化,因此肿瘤细胞无法通过丙酮酸氧化脱羧产生乙酰辅酶A[3]。……
