刘宇航

摘 要：巷道掘进期间，涌水不仅制约掘进效率，而且侵蚀巷道围岩，降低围岩支护体系强度，甚至导致围岩结构体系失稳。为了确保巷道掘进安全、降低涌水给巷道掘进带来的影响，以20601运输巷掘进为研究对象，提出采用长距离定向钻孔+短距离钻孔相结合的探放水技术。通过长距离定向钻孔超前疏排可降低顶板裂隙水水压及掘进迎头涌水量;短距离钻孔起到进一步疏排水及超前探测的作用。现场应用后，巷道掘进期间基本无淋水，仅地质构造带附近有0.8 m3/h涌水量，不会给巷道掘进安全带来显著影响。

关键词：巷道掘进;裂隙水含水层;长距离定向钻孔;疏排水;水头压力

中图分类号：TD745文献标识码：A文章编号：1003-5168（2021）01-0051-03

Abstract： During the roadway excavation， water inrush not only restricts the roadway excavation efficiency， but also erodes the surrounding rock of the roadway， reduces the strength of the surrounding rock support system， and even causes the instability of the surrounding rock structure system. In order to ensure the safety of roadway excavation and reduce the impact of water gushing on roadway excavation， taking 20601 transportation roadway excavation as the research object， a water detection and drainage technology combining long-distance directional drilling with short-distance drilling was proposed. Long distance directional drilling can reduce the roof fissure water pressure and heading water inflow， and short distance drilling can play a role of further drainage and advanced detection. After field application， there is basically no water drenching during roadway excavation， only 0.8 m3/h water inflow near the geological structure zone， which will not bring significant impact on the safety of roadway excavation.

Keywords： roadway excavation;fractured water aquifer;long-distance directional drilling;drainage;head pressure

涌水是制約煤矿生产安全的不利因素之一，超前探测及疏排是防治水的主要技术手段[1]。合理布置探放水钻孔对确保巷道掘进安全具有重要意义。随着钻探技术的不断发展，长距离定向钻孔在煤矿井下的应用越来越广泛，在一定程度上提升了煤矿生产安全保障能力[2-4]。但是，井下探放水钻孔施工中仍存在钻孔施工质量差、布置不合理及封孔质量不佳等问题，从而在一定程度上影响探放水钻孔预期效果[5-7]。本文以某矿20601运输巷掘进为研究对象，针对顶板裂隙水影响对探放水钻孔布置进行设计，有效提升了探放水钻孔效率，并实现了巷道安全掘进。

1 工程概况

某矿为生产能力600万t/a的大型现代化矿井，采用斜井、平硐开拓，主采3#、6#及11#煤层，现阶段主采6#、11#煤。……