青藏高原特殊地域背景下的西藏水土保持专业人才培养现状与思考
2021-04-13喻武任德智万丹张博潘刚
喻武 任德智 万丹 张博 潘刚
摘要:以西藏高原為主体的青藏高原是国家生态安全战略屏障。伴随着全球变化和社会经济的快速发展,西藏水土流失有加剧的趋势和风险。水土保持工作面临着更复杂的环境和更大的不确定性,这对西藏水土保持专业人才培养提出了挑战和更高的要求。笔者结合十几年西藏水土保持专业的教学科研工作经验,较为系统地阐述了西藏水土保持专业人才培养模式现状、存在的问题以及摸索出的经验等,期待为青藏高原特殊地域背景下的西藏水土保持行业培养更多高质量的专业人才,服务好西藏水土保持工作。
关键词:西藏 水土保持专业 人才培养模式 人文情怀
A study on the Status of Talent Training of Soil and Water Conservation Specialty in Tibet under the Background of Special Region of Qinghai Tibet Plateau
YU Wu REN Dezhi WAN Dan ZHANG Bo PAN Gang
- Department of Resources and Environment,Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, Tibet Autonomous Region, 860000 China;2. Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Chendu, Sichuan Province, 610000 China;3. Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, Tibet Autonomous Region, 860000 China)
Abstract:
The Qinghai Tibet Plateau, with the Tibetan Plateau as the main body, is the strategic barrier of national ecological security. With global change and rapid socio-economic
development, soil erosion in Tibet has an increasing trend and risk. Soil and water conservation
is facing more complex environment and greater uncertainty. This poses challenges and higher
requirements for the training of professionals in soil and water conservation in Tibet. Combined
with more than ten years of teaching and scientific research experience of soil and water
conservation specialty in Tibet, the author systematically expounds the current situation,
existing problems and experience of talent training mode of soil and water conservation
specialty in Tibe t. It is expected to train more high-quality professionals for the soil and
water conservation industry under the special regional background of the Qinghai Tibet
Plateau and serve the work of soil and water conservation well.
Key Words:Tibet; Major of soil and water conservation; Talent training mode; Humanistic sens-ibility
青藏高原素有“亚洲水塔”“东亚气候启动器”“世界屋脊”和“地球第三极”等美誉[1],这足见其生态环境地位的重要性。中央第五次西藏工作座谈会明确了西藏是重要生态安全屏障的战略定位。2009年,国务院常务会议审议并原则通过《西藏生态安全屏障保护与建设规划(2008-2030年)》。青藏高原由于其辽阔的地域、极高的海拔,深刻地影响了长江、黄河流域的气候[2-4],进而影响中华文明的兴衰。然则,伴随着全球气候的变化和社会经济的发展,青藏高原生态环境面临着诸多不确定的问题,尤以头号生态环境问题——水土流失表现突出[5]。有证据表明,青藏高原温度急速上升,速度达到了全球平均的2倍[6-7]。区域内冰川冻土在加速融化,降水在增多,江河湖泊等水域面积变大,草场淹没,极端气候、地质灾害频现,水土流失风险加大[8-10]。……
