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2型糖尿病女性患者骨质疏松症患病现况及其相关因素

2021-03-27谭晓霞洪丽荣连晓芬曾庆祥黄政杰谢凤张帆

中国医学创新 2021年21期
关键词:患病率因素糖尿病

谭晓霞 洪丽荣 连晓芬 曾庆祥 黄政杰 谢凤 张帆

【关键词】 2型糖尿病 女性 骨质疏松症

[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the prevalence and influence factors of osteoporosis (OP) of female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and provide scientific basis for prevention of OP. Method: A total of 257 female patients with T2DM admitted to the Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University from December 2018 to December 2019 were selected, bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual energy X-ray bone mineral density instrument at the lumbar vertebrae L1-4, femur and femoral neck. According to the degree of T-score,patients were divided into three groups: normal bone mass group (T≥-1.0 SD), decreased bone mass group (-2.5 SD<T<-1.0 SD), osteoporosis group (T≤-2.5 SD). Laboratory results, age, BMI and so on were compared among three groups. logistic regressions analysis was used to analyze its influence factors. Result: The prevalence of OP of female patients with T2DM was 26.3%. There were significant differences between various state of age, course of DM, BMI (P<0.05). logistic regression analysis showed that: ≥65 years old [OR=2.227, 95%CI (1.160, 4.276), P=0.016] and menopause [OR=10.716, 95%CI (2.412, 47.610), P=0.002] were risk factors for OP in the female patients with T2DM. Conclusion: The prevalence of OP of female patients with T2DM is higher, especially postmenopausal elderly women.

[Key words] Type 2 diabetes mellitus Female Osteoporosis

First-author’s address: Perking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.21.032

T2DM是由遺传和/或环境因素引起胰岛素分泌不足和/或胰岛素抵抗,导致血糖水平增高的代谢性疾病。OP是以骨量减少、骨微结构损坏为特征,以致骨脆性增加及骨折风险增加的全身代谢性疾病。目前我国中老年人群OP患病率约为23%[1],其中高达50%~80%的男性和30%绝经后女性为继发性骨质疏松症[2]。合并OP的T2DM患者常因长期卧床发生褥疮和肺炎等严重并发症,重者可致死亡,引起临床研究工作者的重视。本研究通过对T2DM女性患者进行BMD测定,分析T2DM女性患者OP患病现况及其相关影响因素,为早期诊断、早期预防和早期治疗骨质疏松提供依据。现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料 选取2018年12月-2019年12月在北京大学深圳医院内分泌科住院的T2DM女性患者作为研究对象。纳入标准:所选研究对象诊断标准均符合2010年美国糖尿病协会(ADA)的T2DM诊断标准[3]。排除标准:长期卧床、严重感染、肝肾功能不全、长期使用免疫抑制剂或糖皮质激素及可影响骨代谢的疾病,如骨肿瘤、甲状(旁)腺功能亢进或减退等其他内分泌代谢疾病。本研究经北京大学深圳医院伦理委员会审核通过,研究对象均签署知情同意书。

1.2 方法

1.2.1 问卷调查 采用问卷调查了解研究对象的年龄、性别、月经史、糖尿病史、既往病史、药物治疗情况、饮用奶及奶制品及咖啡习惯。

1.2.2 体格检查 测量血压、身高、体重、腰围、臀围等体格参数。体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)=体质量(kg)/身高2(m2);腰臀比(waist-hip ratio,WHR)=腰围(m)/臀围(m)。……

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