金书寻 徐潮阳

[摘要] 未分化胚胎细胞转录因子1（UTF1）是干细胞相关基因之一，是参与胚胎干细胞分化的重要转录因子，能促进干细胞的自我更新及分化，调控胚胎细胞和生殖细胞的增殖分化。目前，对UTF1的研究大多在干细胞和生殖细胞中，而关于UTF1与肿瘤关系的研究成果较少。越来越多的证据显示，干细胞相关基因的异常表达与肿瘤发生、转移、复发及耐药性等密切相关。其转录和表观遗传胚胎程序可以在癌细胞中重新激活，使癌细胞具有干细胞表型，并参与肿瘤的发生、发展。为获得更好的疗效，部分学者长期致力于寻找各种有效的肿瘤标志物，其中UTF1在恶性肿瘤的诊断、治疗及预后方面具有重要的潜在应用价值。

[关键词] 未分化胚胎细胞转录因子1;干细胞相关转录因子;肿瘤干细胞;肿瘤标志物

[Abstract] Undifferentiated embryonic cell transcription factor 1 （UTF1） is one of stem cell related genes and an important transcription factor involved in the differentiation of embryonic stem cells. It can promote the self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells， and regulate the proliferation and differentiation of embryonic cells and germ cells. At present， most of the research on UTF1 is in stem cells and germ cells， and there are few research results on the relationship between UTF1 and tumors. More and more evidence shows that the abnormal expression of stem cell-related genes is closely related to tumorigenesis， metastasis and relapse and drug resistance. Its transcription and epigenetic embryonic programs can be reactivated in cancer cells， giving cancer cells a stem cell phenotype and participating in the occurrence and development of tumors. In order to obtain better curative effect， some scholars have long been devoted to finding various effective tumor markers. UTF1 has important potential application value in the diagnosis， treatment and prognosis of malignant tumors.

[Key words] Undifferentiated embryonic cell transcription factor 1; Stem cell-related transcription factors; Tumor stem cells; Tumor markers

無论是正常组织还是肿瘤组织，并不是由单一的细胞类型构成，均含有不同类型的细胞，如内皮细胞、间质细胞、免疫细胞等。肿瘤组织中，只有一小部分肿瘤细胞具有真正的致癌潜能，称其为肿瘤干细胞（Cancer stem cells，CSCs），又被称为“肿瘤起始细胞”或“类癌干细胞”。它们是肿瘤组织内具有自我更新能力的细胞，可以使肿瘤组织产生异质性[1]。CSCs最早在人急性髓系白血病中被发现，目前在多种肿瘤中被发现。胚胎干细胞和CSCs具有一些共同的表型特征[2]，如两者均能自我更新;均能快速增长和高表达端粒酶，使细胞有可能获得永生;滋养层细胞和癌细胞也均能渗入局部组织等。……