王岩文 周建华 雒娜 王广印

摘 要：為完善大棚秋番茄TY病毒病及茎基腐病的绿色防控体系，采用大田试验，研究了BR（油菜素内酯）和农艺措施防控大棚秋番茄TY病毒病和茎基腐病的效果。结果表明，与对照相比，棚外种植3行玉米可使棚内秋番茄TY病毒病的发病率降低40.71%，防效达70.53%。对大棚番茄植株喷施不同浓度BR可降低大棚秋番茄TY病毒病发病率，其中，0.5 mg·L-1 BR处理的番茄发病率和病情指数最低，防效最好。同一种植年份，晚定植的大棚秋番茄比早定植的茎基腐病发病率降低了217.84%，前茬为春黄瓜的大棚秋番茄比前茬为春番茄的茎基腐病发病率降低了110.81%。综上所述，大棚外种植玉米和喷施适宜浓度的BR均可减轻大棚秋番茄TY病毒病，而适当晚定植和选择春黄瓜为前茬作物对大棚秋番茄茎基腐病具有较好的防控效果。

关键词：秋番茄;大棚;TY病毒病;茎基腐病;绿色防控

中图分类号：S641.2+S626.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2021）01-060-05

Control effect of BR and agronomic measures on TY virus disease and stem base rot of autumn tomato in plastic house

WANG Yanwen1， ZHOU Jianhua2， LUO Na1， WANG Guangyin1

（1. Henan Engineering Research Center of the Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Plants/College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture， Henan Institute of Science and Technology， Xinxiang 453003， Henan， China; 2.， Zhengzhou Vegetable Research Institute， Zhengzhou 450015， Henan， China）

Abstract： In order to improve the green control system of TY virus disease and stem base rot of autumn tomato in plastic house， field experiments were conducted to study the effects of BR and agronomic measures on the control of TY virus disease and stem base rot of autumn tomato in plastic house.The results showed that：compared with the control， 3 rows of maize planted outside plastic house could reduce the incidence rate of TY virus disease in autumn tomato by 40.71%， and the control effect was 70.53%. Spraying different concentrations of BR on tomato plants in plastic house could reduce the incidence rate of TY virus disease in autumn tomato. Among them， the incidence rate and disease index of 0.5 mg·L-1 BR treatment were the lowest， and the control effect was the highest.In the same planting year，the incidence rate of stem rot was lower for late planting of autumn tomato than early planting by 217.84% .At the same time， the incidence rate of stem basal rot of autumn tomato in plastic house for harvesting previous spring cucumber was lower than that harvesting previous spring tomato by 110.81%.In conclusion， both maize planting in plastic house and BR spraying with appropriate concentration could reduce the TY virus disease of autumn tomato in plastic house， and appropriate late planting and selection of previous crop spring cucumber could prevent and control the stem base rot of autumn tomato in plastic house.

Key words： Autumn tomato; Plastic house; TY virus disease; Basal stem rot; Green prevention and control

大棚秋番茄一般在6月中下旬播种育苗，7 月上中旬定植，9 月上旬至 10 月上旬开始收获，11月上旬拉秧，每667 m2收入为1.5万元左右。其育苗期和生长前期都处在夏季高温时期，对秋番茄生产极其不利。河南省新乡市牧野区、延津县、原阳县及安阳市内黄县等地已成为河南省有影响的大棚秋番茄生产基地[1-2]。目前，河南省大棚秋番茄生产存在的主要问题是受前期高温、强光、干旱或多雨等不良氣候影响，大棚秋番茄病虫害严重或猖獗，生长、坐果不良，大棚秋番茄种植面积、产量、品质和效益下降，最终造成市场上秋番茄价格波动大，9—10月上市的秋番茄优质果量减少[2-4]。……