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塞瑞替尼不良反应信号挖掘与分析

2021-02-21郑冬妮周后凤任常谕席田兰

中国药房 2021年2期

郑冬妮 周后凤 任常谕 席田兰

摘 要 目的:初步评价塞瑞替尼上市后的安全性,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:采用报告比值比法(ROR)和比例报告比法(PRR)对美国FDA不良事件报告系统(FAERS)中2014年第2季度至2019年第3季度塞瑞替尼的不良反应(ADR)进行信号挖掘,收集主要累及系统ADR报告相关患者的性别、年龄、体质量、日剂量、用药疗程,利用SPSS 26.0软件对主要累及系统组的ADR例次与其他系统组进行χ 2检验。结果:共收集到塞瑞替尼为首要怀疑药物的ADR报告10 318份,挖掘出塞瑞替尼ADR信号236个;排除无效信号后,最终得到ADR信号187个,涉及16个系统。所得信号除药品说明书上提及的外,还包括各类神经系统疾病、血液与淋巴系统疾病、感染和传染性疾病等,如手-足-生殖器综合征、间变淋巴瘤激酶基因突变等。胃肠系统ADR报告最多(576份)。与其他系统ADR比较,患者的性别、年龄、体质量、日剂量、用药疗程对胃肠系统ADR的影响均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中使用塞瑞替尼后發生胃肠系统ADR的患者多为女性(59.9%)、年龄45岁及以上(70.3%)、体质量≤65 kg(68.1%)、日剂量451~750 mg/d(50.2%)、用药时长3个月以内(75.7%)。结论:45岁以上、体质量低于65 kg的女性患者使用塞瑞替尼后发生胃肠系统ADR的风险较高;此类ADR的发生还与日剂量有关且大多发生在3个月内,临床使用时应加强药学监护。

关键词 塞瑞替尼;信号挖掘;不良反应

ABSTRACT   OBJECTIVE: To initially evaluate the safety of ceritinib after it is marketed,and to provide reference for the rational use of drug. METHODS The report odd ratio method and proportional reporting ratio method were used to mine the signals of ceritinib-related adverse events from FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) during the second quarter of 2014 to the third quarter of 2019. The patients gender, age, body weight, daily dose and course of treatment were collected. SPSS 26.0 software was used to test the number of ADR cases of this system group and other system groups by chi square test. RESULTS: A total of    10 318 ADR reports with ceritinib as the first suspicious drug were collected,  and 236 ADR signals of seretinib were excavated. After excluding the ineffective treatment, 187 ADR signals were obtained, involving 16 systems. Inaddition to those mentioned in the drug instructions, the signals also included various nervous disease, blood and lymph system disease, infections and infectious disease, etc., such as hand-foot-genital syndrome, mutation of anaplatic lymphoma kinase gene. Among them, the ADR reports of gastrointestinal diseases were the most (576 cases). Compared with ADR of other systems, gender, age, body weight, daily dose and treatment course had significant effects on ADR of gastrointestinal diseases (P<0.05). Most of the patient with gastrointestinal ADR after using ceritinih were female (59.9%), 45 years old and above (70.3%), body weight≤65 kg (68.1%), daily dose 451-750 mg/d (50.2%), and medication duration less than 3 months (75.7%). CONCLUSIONS: The risk of gastrointestinal ADR in female patients over 45 years old and with body weight less than 65 kg after using seretinib is relatively high. This kind of ADRs are also related to daily dose, and most of which occur within 3 months. Therefore, great importance should be attached to drug monitoring during clinical use.

KEYWORDS   Ceritinib; Signal mining; ADR

中图分类号 R969.3 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408(2021)02-0236-05

DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2021.02.19

癌症是全球重大死因之一,据世界卫生组织统计,2015年癌症导致了880万人死亡,其中肺癌就造成169万人死亡,占比达到了19.20%[1]。肺癌主要分为非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)和小细胞肺癌(SCLC),其中NSCLC占大多数[2]。继克唑替尼之后,美国FDA于2014年4月批准了第2个间变性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)靶向抑制剂——塞瑞替尼(Ceritinib)的上市申请;该药于2018年5月在我国获批上市,可用于经克唑替尼治疗后已进展或不能耐受的ALK阳性的局部晚期或转移性NSCLC患者[3-4]。塞瑞替尼是能与三磷酸腺苷(ATP)竞争的ALK靶向抑制剂,在临床前研究中表现出比克唑替尼更强的抗肿瘤活性[5-6]。……

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