举重运动员运动认知特质焦虑对心理疲劳的影响
2021-02-21尚尧杨世勇
尚尧 杨世勇







摘要:目的:考察举重运动员运动认知特质焦虑对心理疲劳的影响,以及心理坚韧性的中介作用。研究方法:采用认知特质焦虑问卷、运动员心理坚韧性问卷、运动心理疲劳问卷测量运动员心理状态,所有收集数据均在SPSS 19.0上处理。结果:(1)举重运动员认知特质焦虑与心理疲劳及其各维度均呈显著正相关(R=0.146~0.299);(2)举重运动员运动认知特质焦虑能正向预测心理疲劳(β=0.260,P<0.01);(3)举重运动员心理坚韧在运动认知特质焦虑与心理疲劳间起完全中介效应(占总效应62.69)。结论:举重运动员心理坚韧性在认知特质焦虑对心理疲劳的影响中具有中介作用,这也提示教练员可以加强运动员心理坚韧性的培养以防止认知特质焦虑带来的负面影响,减缓心理疲劳的产生。
关键词:举重运动员;运动认知特质焦虑;心理坚韧性;心理疲劳
中图分类号:G804.8文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-2076(2021)03-0017-07
Influence of weightlifter's sports cognitive trait anxiety on mental fatigue:The mediating role of mental toughness
SHANG Yao, YANG Shiyong
Faculty of Athletics and Swimming, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
Abstract:Objective:To investigate the influence of weightlifters' sports cognitive trait anxiety on mental fatigue and the mediating role of mental toughness. Methods:Cognitive Trait Anxiety Questionnaire, Athlete Mental Toughness Questionnaire, and Athlete Burnout Questionnaire were used to measure the mental state of athletes. All collected data were processed on SPSS 19.0. Results: 1) Weightlifters’ cognitive trait anxiety is significantly positively correlated with mental fatigue and its dimensions (R=0.146~0.299); 2) Weightlifters’ sports cognitive trait anxiety can positively predict mental fatigue(β=0.260, P<0.01); 3) The mental toughness of weightlifters has a completely mediating effect between sports cognitive trait anxiety and mental fatigue (62.69 of the total effect). Conclusion: The mental toughness of weightlifters plays a mediating role in the influence of cognitive trait anxiety on mental fatigue. This also suggests that coaches can strengthen the training of athletes’ mental toughness to prevent the negative effects of cognitive trait anxiety and slow down the production of mental fatigue.
Key words:weightlifter; sports cognitive trait anxiety; mental toughness; mental fatigue
疲劳及其控制是现代运动训练的核心训练问题之一,如何减缓疲劳的产生一直是运动训练亟待解决的问题。运动中的疲劳包含运动性生理疲劳和运动性心理疲劳两个互相影响的过程[1]。有别于生理疲劳,有学者[2]指出,运动心理疲劳是指长时间处于重复、单调、大强度的运动下, 运动者因过度训练引起的一种心理不安和疲劳感。美国运动医学会(ACSM)[3]曾指出,训练强度小于701 RM,对于肌肉生长的刺激作用甚微,只有大于701 RM的强度才能促进肌肉肥大,提高肌肉的绝对力量。而举重正是以增强体质、发展力量为目的,其基本特点就是负重练习[4]。……
