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环境噪声干扰对无线通信接收灵敏度的影响分析

2021-02-19张飞龙

现代信息科技 2021年13期

摘  要:无线通信中,接收机内部噪声、环境干扰噪声共同影响接收灵敏度。文章分析了利用等效噪声温度计算接收灵敏度的方法,建立仿真模型,仿真施加白噪声干扰、单音干扰、宽带信号干扰及其组合干扰对接收灵敏度的影响。对比仿真及利用等效噪声温度计算输出信噪比结果,得出等效噪声温度计算接收灵敏度的准确性。

关键词:噪声干扰;等效噪声温度;噪声系数;灵敏度

中图分类号:TN911.4        文献标识码:A文章编号:2096-4706(2021)13-0037-05

Analysis on the Influence of Environmental Noise Interference on Receiving Sensitivity of Wireless Communication

ZHANG Feilong

(Southwest China Institute of Electronic Technology, Chengdu  610036, China)

Abstract: In wireless communication, the receiver internal noise and environmental interference noise mutually affect the receiving sensitivity. This paper analyzes the method of calculating the receiving sensitivity by using the equivalent noise temperature, establishes a simulation model to simulate the influence of white noise interference, single-tone interference, broadband signal interference and their combined interference on the receiving sensitivity. Comparing the simulation and using the equivalent noise temperature to calculate the output signal-to-noise ratio results, and calculates the accuracy of the receiving sensitivity by obtained equivalent noise temperature.

Keywords: noise interference; equivalent noise temperature; noise coefficient; sensitivity

0  引  言

在无线通信系统设计中,对接收灵敏度的考量主要取决于接收机的噪声系数。在实际应用中,由于受天电干扰、工业干扰、地外星系、大气以及地面辐射、其他射频微波辐射源干扰的影响,无源天线接收噪声功率谱密度不能再以-174 dBm/Hz考量[1-3]。实际测试发现,超短波频段实际接收噪声功率谱密度在-160 dBm/Hz左右。工程设计中需要定量计算外界干扰噪声、接收机的噪声系数共同作用对接收灵敏度的影响[4],本文着重分析利用等效噪声温度来计算存在环境干扰噪声时的接收灵敏度,并通过仿真不同功率白噪声干扰、单音干扰、宽带信号干扰及其组合干扰与接收机内部噪声对接收灵敏度的影响,验证了利用等效噪声温度计算接收灵敏度的准确性。

1  利用等效噪声温度计算接收灵敏度

1.1  接收灵敏度

在满足系统解调要求的输出信噪比情况下,有效输入最小信号功率称为系统灵敏度。接收灵敏度的计算公式为:

其中,Pr为接收信道输入功率(满足解调的最小功率为灵敏度);为解调时要求接收信道的输出信噪比;K为普朗克常数1.38×10-23;T为开尔文温度,常温下为290 K;BN为接收信道中频带宽;FN为接收信道噪声因子。……

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