王晶 方兴

[摘要] 中药玉竹作为卫生部公布第一批药食兼用植物之一，在我国古代就被记录在《神农百草经》上，根茎入药效果极佳，在中药药材中具有较高的地位。中药玉竹含有多种成分，诸如糖类、皂昔类、黄酮类、挥发油及微量元素，在降血糖、 免疫调节、抗氧化等方面效果尤为显著。医疗防控机制下，人们对中药玉竹的需求越来越大，价格也几度波动，甚至有不少违法商贩造假出售，令人防不胜防，严重危害了人民群众身心安全。所以，在医疗防控机制下，提升中药玉竹管控标准，加强排查力度，建立严格科学的规定，能大大减少中药玉竹掺假问题，提高玉竹的鉴别效率。本文对医疗防控机制下中药玉竹的质量监控进行研究综述，以期为我国中药玉竹质量提升作出贡献。

[关键词] 医疗防控;中药玉竹;质量风险;质量控制方法

[中图分类号] R284          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）33-0189-04

[Abstract] As one of the first batch of medicinal and edible plants announced by the Ministry of Health， Polygonatum odoratum （Mill.） Druce was recorded in Shennong′s Classic of Materia Medica in ancient China. Its rhizomes have excellent medicinal effect and occupy a higher position in Chinese medicinal materials. The Chinese medicine Polygonatum odoratum contains various components， such as saccharides， saponins， flavonoids， volatile oils and trace elements， and thus is significantly effective in reducing blood sugar， immune regulation， anti-oxidation and other aspects. Under the mechanism of medical prevention and control， people′s demand for the Chinese medicine is growing， the price has fluctuated several times， and even a number of illegal peddlers produce and sell fake medicine， which is hardly preventable， seriously jeopardizing the physical and mental safety of the people. Therefore， improving the control standards， strengthening the investigation and establishing strict and scientific rules for Polygonatum odoratum under the mechanism of medical prevention and control can greatly reduce the adulteration and improve the identification efficiency of the Chinese medicine Polygonatum odoratum. This paper summarizes the quality control of the Chinese medicine Polygonatum odoratum under the mechanism of medical prevention and control， so as to contribute to the quality improvement of the Chinese medicine Polygonatum odoratum in China.

[Key words] Medical control and prevention; Chinese medicine Polygonatum odoratum; Quality risk; Quality control method

醫疗防控机制下，中药玉竹在降血糖、降血脂、降血压、增强免疫力等方面有着显著作用[1-2]，所以国内外学者对其研究也越来越多。作为我国传统中药之一，在我国分布广泛，应用较多，也为治疗有关疾病提供了丰富了药材来源[3]。玉竹是百合科黄精属，根茎入药效果更好，在其有关质量风险控制研究技术中也多以根茎内成分含量的研究为主，检测根茎部位的成分含量也是质量控制方法中的关键检测方法。黄精属植物在外形上相似度很高，且药效也有重合，这就为玉竹的质量检测创造了阻碍，为了更很好的区分中药玉竹与其它黄精属植物的区别，避免因药材混用而造成不利状况，质量控制就尤为重要。……