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达克罗宁复合丁卡因对冠心病患者气管插管期应激反应的影响

2021-01-28金鑫高守琳柳阳唐涛

中国现代医生 2021年33期
关键词:冠心病

金鑫 高守琳 柳阳 唐涛

[摘要] 目的 评价达克罗宁胶浆含服复合丁卡因喷雾对冠心病患者气管插管期应激反应的影响。 方法 选择2018年10月至2019年9月在我院收治的行非心脏手术的冠心病患者80例,按照随机数字表法分成四组:单纯全麻组(A组)、全麻联合达克罗宁组(B组)、全麻联合丁卡因组(C组),全麻联合达克罗宁复合丁卡因组(D组),每组各20例。观察并记录麻醉诱导前(T0)、诱导后(T1)、C组和D组第一次喉镜置入后(T2)、气管插管后(T3)的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)变化,计算二重指数(RPP)。检测T0和T3血浆肾上腺素(E)和去甲肾上腺素(NE)水平。 结果 四组患者T1的SBP、DBP、MAP、HR和RPP均较T0降低(P<0.05)。T2時间点D组患者SBP、DBP、MAP、HR和RPP低于C组(P<0.05)。T3时间点C组、D组患者SBP、DBP、MAP、HR和RPP低于A组B组(P<0.05)。T3时间点A组和B组患者的E和NE较T0升高(P<0.05),C组D组患者的E和NE低于A组B组(P<0.05)。 结论 达克罗宁胶浆含服复合丁卡因喷雾表面麻醉用于冠心病患者非心脏手术气管插管,可有效降低围插管期的血压、心率及二重指数,保持血流动力学平稳,不加重心肌负担,患者接受度良好。

[关键词] 达克罗宁;丁卡因;表面麻醉;冠心病

[中图分类号] R614.2          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701(2021)33-0141-05

[Abstract] Objective To evaluate the effect of the oral administration of dyclonine mucilage combined with tetracaine spray on stress response during endotracheal intubation in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods A total of 80 patients with CHD undergoing non-cardiac surgery admitted to our hospital from October 2018 to September 2019 were selected, and they were divided into four groups according to the random number table:The simple general anesthesia group(group A), the general anesthesia combined with dyclonine group (group B), the general anesthesia combined with tetracaine group (group C), and the general anesthesia combined with dyclonine plus tetracaine group (group D), with 20 cases every group. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were observed and recorded before the induction of anesthesia (T0), after induction (T1), after the first laryngoscope placement (T2) of group C and group D and after tracheal intubation (T3). The rate pressure product (RPP) was calculated. The plasma adrenaline (E) and norepinephrine (NE) levels were detected at T0 and T3. Results The levels of SBP, DBP, MAP, HR and RPP at T1 in the four groups were all lower than those at T0(P<0.05).At T2,the levels of SBP, DBP, MAP, HR and RPP of group D were lower than those of group C(P<0.05).At T3,the levels of SBP, DBP, MAP, HR and RPP of group C and group D were lower than those of group A and group B(P<0.05). Levels of E and NE at T3 in group A and group B were higher than those at T0(P<0.05).Levels of E and NE in group C and group D were lower than those in group A and group B(P<0.05). Conclusion The oral administration of dyclonine mucilage with topical anesthesia of tetracaine spray can effectively reduce blood pressure, HR and RPP during peri-intubation, maintain stable hemodynamics, does not increase the burden of myocardium in non-cardiac surgery tracheal intubation in patients with CHD, with a good acceptance of patients.

[Key words] Dyclonine; Tetracaine; Topical anesthesia; Coronary heart disease

临床上施行全身麻醉诱导中,气管插管可引起一系列应激反应,包括血压升高、心率增快等。这些一过性反射对于心脏功能正常的患者可代偿。而冠心病患者心血管系统调节能力差,由气管插管引起心肌耗氧量增加会给这类患者带来风险[1-2]。寻找有效、安全、简便的方法让既往冠心病的患者安全的度过麻醉诱导尤其是气管插管引起的不良反射期,在医疗技术、药物和医疗设备进步的今天,让我们有了更多探索的可能。有研究表明,局部麻醉药的合理应用可以降低气管插管操作对咽喉、会厌、聲门及气管的刺激,减少对血流动力学的影响[3-7]。本研究应用盐酸达克罗宁胶浆含服复合丁卡因声门及周围表麻的方式预处理冠心病患者气管插管内全麻诱导,观察其应用效果,为麻醉医师临床中处理这类问题提供参考,现报道如下。……

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