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自毒物质对羟基苯甲酸降解细菌ZH2的分离与应用

2021-01-18肖蓉邓舒赵菁张春芬聂园军曹秋芬

农学学报 2021年7期

肖蓉 邓舒 赵菁 张春芬 聂园军 曹秋芬

摘要:自毒物质是造成植物连作障碍的主要因子,研究旨在筛选能够降解土壤中自毒物质的细菌。采用选择性分离方法从土壤中筛选自毒物质对羟基苯甲酸降解菌;结合形态特征、生理生化特征和16S rRNA测序鉴定菌种;采用紫外分光光度法测定菌株降解对羟基苯甲酸能力,并通过盆栽实验验证解毒效果。结果表明,分离到1株有降解对羟基苯甲酸能力的菌株,编号ZH2,经鉴定为绿针假单胞菌(Pseudomonas chlororaphis)。在纯培养条件下,当对羟基苯甲酸浓度为5 mg/mL时,ZH2能在培养72 h时将其降解97%。盆栽条件下,当基质中对羟基苯甲酸浓度为10 mg/g时,ZH2能有效缓解对羟基苯甲酸对黄瓜的生长抑制作用。该研究从土壤中分离到能够降解对羟基苯甲酸的绿针假单胞菌,具有应用于连作障碍防控的潜在价值。

关键词:对羟基苯甲酸;自毒物质;绿针假单胞菌;连作障碍;降解

中图分类号:S60文献标志码:A论文编号:cjas2020-0115

An Autotoxicity p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid-degrading Strain ZH2: Isolation and Application

Xiao Rong1, Deng Shu1, Zhao Jing2, Zhang Chunfen1,Nie Yuanjun3, Cao Qiufen2(1Pomology Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China; 2College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China; 3College of Economics and Management, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China)

Abstract: Autotoxicity is the main factor causing obstacles to continuous cropping plants. The aim of the study is to screen bacteria from soil which can degrade autotoxicity. A selective screening method was used to screen p-Hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) degradation bacterium. Bacterial species were identified by combining the morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA sequencing results. The ability of the strain to degrade PHBA was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The effect of detoxification was verified by a pot experiment of cucumber. The results showed that one degradation strain(No. ZH2) was isolated and identified as Pseudomonas chlororaphis. On the condition of pure culture, ZH2 could degrade 97% at 72 h under 5 mg/mL PHBA concentration. In potted conditions, when the concentration of PHBA in the substrate was 10 mg/g, ZH2 could effectively alleviate the growth inhibition of PHBA on cucumber. We report a Pseudomonas chlororaphis strain screened from soil can degrade PHBA, it has the potential value of controlling continuous cropping obstacles.

Keywords: p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid; Autotoxicity; Pseudomonas chlororaphis; Continuous Cropping Obstacle; Degradation

0引言

化感作用(allelopathy)是指植物向環境释放某些化学物质而影响自身或其他植物生长发育的化学生态学现象。一些化感物质能对下茬同种/科植物生长产生抑制作用,因此也被称为自毒物质(autotoxicity)[1-2]。大量研究已经证实,对于大棚常见的蔬菜、瓜果来说,酚酸类物质是占比最大的自毒物质[3-7],其中对羟基苯甲酸(p-Hydroxybenzoic acid,PHBA)在草莓和黄瓜根系分泌物中占比最大,毒性很强[8-10]。

在自然界中存在多种对酚酸类物质有降解作用的菌株,利用它们来降低农作环境中自毒物质的含量,是一条安全环保的途径。……

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