潘锦涛 罗楠 胡金龙

摘要：以广西灵川县1986年、2000年、2014年Landsat 遥感影像为主要信息源，综合运用3S技术，分析景观格局动态变化特征。结果表明：28年来，灵川县林地、建设用地、裸地持续增加，其中建设用地增幅高达159.11%，农田不断减少，水体和草地先减少后增加，景观变化主要受农林种植活动及城镇化影响;1986～2014年间受林果种植规模化、城镇化面状扩张等影响，整体景观的破碎化程度减弱，斑块趋向于规则化，各景观类型的均匀性、异质性降低;从景观类型来看，林地和建设用地破碎度降低，连接度增加，农田破碎度增加，趋向分散经营，水体以集中分布为主，但连接度降低，草地破碎度降低、斑块复杂性增强，裸地趋向于集中分布。受退耕还林、封山育林、石漠化治理、林果种植以及城乡开发建设等因素驱动，各景观类型主要向林地、建设用地转移。

关键词：景观格局;动态变化;灵川县

中图分类号：S718.5文献标识码：A文章编号：1004-3020（2021）06-0030-06Dynamic Changes of Landscape Pattern in Lingchuan County During 19862014Pan Jintao Luo Nan Hu Jinlong

（Tourism and Landscape Architecture College，Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin541004）

Abstract：Based on 3S technology，landsat remote images of Lingchuan County in 1986，2000 and 2014 were used to study dynamic changes of landscape pattern during 1986～2014.The results showed that woodland，construction land and bare land continuously increased，and construction land increased by 159.11%，meanwhile，farmland rapidly decreased，and water body and grassland decreased first and then increased，and landscape change was mainly affected by agricultural and forestry planting activities and urbanization in the past 28 years. Due to the scale of forest and fruit planting and the horizontal expansion of urbanization，fragmentation degree of the whole landscape and patch complexity decreased，and evenness and heterogeneity of various landscape types weakened during 1986～2014. On the landscape type scale，the fragmentation degree of woodland and construction land decreased，while connectivity degree increased. Farmland tended to be separated management，and the fragmentation degree increased. Water body was concentrated distribution and connectivity decreased. Fragmentation degree of grassland decreased，and patch complexity was enhanced. The distribution of bare land tended to be concentrated. All kinds of landscape types mainly translated into the woodland and construction land because of the conversion of farmland into forestland，closing the land for reforestation，treatment of stony desertification，the planting of woods and fruit，urban land expansion and so on.

Key words：landscape pattern; dynamic change; Lingchuan County

景觀格局是景观异质性的具体体现，其动态变化受自然和人为因素的共同作用[1]。景观格局及动态变化分析长期以来都是景观生态学研究的核心问题和热点[23]，国内外众多学者从上世纪90年代起开展了大量相关研究，主要集中于景观格局的空间异质性和时间异质性两个方面[47]。景观格局定量分析是掌握景观演变规律，探明景观变化驱动力，进行景观预测和格局调控优化的基础[811]。国内外景观格局动态变化研究多以区域、流域为研究尺度，在此尺……