广西木奶果病虫害种类及为害情况
2021-01-12杨志强蒋婷何文卢艳春徐冬英谭德锦彭崇
杨志强 蒋婷 何文 卢艳春 徐冬英 谭德锦 彭崇


摘 要:为摸清广西木奶果病虫害种类及其危害情况,进而为其病虫害防治提供依据。于2018—2020年期间,在广西东兴市、防城港、龙州县、凭祥市、靖西市、那坡县等6个市县,采用定点调查、走访询问和全面普查相结合的方法对木奶果病虫害进行系统调查。结果显示,广西地区危害木奶果的病虫害有22种,其中,病害有7种,叶枯病为苗期主要病害,危害程度为严重,炭疽病为中度为害;虫害15种,其中蝶形锦斑蛾、中华萝藦叶甲发生频度高,危害面广,危害程度重,豹点锦斑蛾和埃及吹绵蚧危害程度为中度,其他害虫危害较轻。
关键词:木奶果;病虫害;种类调查
中图分类号:S436.67 文献标志码:A
Species and Hazards of Diseases and Insect Pests of Baccaurea ramiflora Lour. in Guangxi
YANG Zhiqiang,JIANG Ting,HE Wen,LU Yanchun*,
XU Dongying,TAN Dejin,PENG Chong
(Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute, Longzhou,
Guangxi 532415, China)
Abstract:The study aims to find out the species of diseases and insect pests of Baccaurea ramiflora Lour. and their hazards in Guangxi so as to provide basis for pests control. A systematic investigation was conducted on the diseases and insect pests of Baccaurea ramiflora Lour. in Dongxing, Fangchenggang, Longzhou, Pingxiang, Jingxi and Napo in Guagnxi from 2018 to 2020, by using the methods of fixed-point survey,visiting and questioning, and overall survey. Results showed that there are 22 kinds of pests and diseases harming Baccaurea ramiflora Lour. in Guangxi, including seven kinds of diseases and 15 kinds of insect pests. Foliage blight was the main disease at seedling stage, causing serious damage, and anthracnose was the moderate disease. The damage degrees of Cyclosia papilionaris Drury and chrysochus chinensis Baly were serious, Cyclosia panthono Stoll and Lcerya aegyptiaca Douglas were moderate, and other pests were light.
Key words: Baccaurea ramiflora Lour.; diseases and pests; species investigation
木奶果(Baccaurea ramiflora Lour.)又稱三丫果、木赖果、火果等[1],是一种热带、亚热带乔木果树,分布于印度、马来西亚、缅甸、泰国、越南及我国西南部的广东、广西、云南和海南等地区[2-4]。2013-2020年后,罗培四[2-3]、孔方南[5]、张容鹄[6]、徐静[7]等人在木奶果资源分布、繁育技术、果实保鲜及化学成分分析等方面进行了研究。但迄今为止,尚未见木奶果病虫害相关报道。广西是木奶果自然分布的主要地区,集中分布在东兴、防城、龙州、凭祥、靖西、那坡等地[2]。近些年来,随着木奶果种植面积日趋扩大和新品种的引进,广西木奶果的病虫害有日渐加重趋势。过去由于木奶果基本处于野生状态,人工种植面积相对较少,研究机构或科研人员对其研究得较少,因而对木奶果病虫害的研究很薄弱。为此,本研究团队于2018-2020年针对广西木奶果产业发展中的主要病虫害种类及分布危害程度进行了较为全面的调查,为木奶果病虫害科学防治奠定基础,更好的助推广西木奶果产业持续、快速发展。……
