王启明

[摘    要]文章系统阐述了低压开关柜的常用参数，结构和方案。介绍低压主配电系统中，额定电压和电流的选取，内燃弧人身保护电流的选取，外壳防护等级和分隔型式的定义和选取，进出线方式的选取和柜型的选取。基于地铁行业的本身的特点，针对关键问题进行了深入分析和进行了解决方案的讨论。对配插拔式开关的固定柜与抽屉柜的不同特点进行对比分析，结合地铁实际项目需要，用配插拔式开关的固定柜来安装大电流馈电回路。照明柜的一次设计与开关柜的标准结构存在冲突，把抽屉柜改成配插拔式开关的固定柜。三级负荷的每个回路需要安装电动操作机构，抽屉柜的功能单元安装电动操作机构会导致机械联锁失效，存在安全隐患，都改为配插拔式开关的固定柜。通过以开关柜的特点以基础，并结合地铁的低压配电系统的实际需求，选择合适的开关柜方案，选用配插拔式开关的固定柜，具有安全可靠，经济适用和方便维护等特点，可以很好地满足地铁低压主配电系统的要求。

[关键词]低压开关柜;配插拔式开关的固定柜;地铁

[中图分类号]TM591 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]2095–6487（2021）10–0–03

Application of Low-Voltage Switchgear in Metro

Low-Voltage Main Power Distribution System

Wang Qi-ming

[Abstract]This article systematically expounds the common parameters， structures and schemes of low-voltage switchgear. It focuses on the selection of rated voltage and current in the low-voltage main power distribution system， the selection of personal protection current for internal combustion arc， the definition and selection of enclosure protection class and partition type， the selection of inlet and outlet methods， and the selection of cabinet types. Based on the characteristics of the subway industry， in-depth analysis and discussion of solutions were conducted for key issues. A comparative analysis of the different characteristics of the fixed cabinet with plug-in switches and drawer cabinets is carried out， combined with the actual project needs of the subway， the fixed cabinet with plug-in switches is used to install the large current feeder circuit. The primary design of the lighting cabinet conflicted with the standard structure of the switch cabinet， and the drawer cabinet was changed to a fixed cabinet with plug-in switches. Each circuit of the three-level load needs to be installed with an electric operating mechanism. The installation of an electric operating mechanism in the functional unit of the drawer cabinet will cause the mechanical interlock to fail， and there is a safety hazard. All of them are changed to a fixed cabinet equipped with a plug-in switch.

[Keywords]low-voltage switch cabinet; fixed cabinet with plug-in switch; subway

1 低壓开关柜综述

1.1 基本定义

低压开关柜是由一个或多个低压开关器件和与之相关的控制、测量、信号、保护、调节等设备，以及所有内部的电气和机械的连接及结构部件构成的组合体。

1.2 常用参数

1.2.1 额定工作电压Ue

电气成套厂宣称的与额定电流共同确定设备使用的电压值。……