自动化仪表在化工工业方面的应用分析
2021-01-11汪剑吕家樑
汪剑 吕家樑

[摘 要]在社会经济快速发展与科技水平不断提升的背景下,智能化、自动化已成为各个领域的发展趋势,而仪表自动化就是产物之一,在诸多领域中被广泛应用。化工行业是推动国民经济发展的支柱性产业之一,仪表自动化在化工工业当中具有编程、数据处理、记忆、精确计算、修正误差等功能,因此应当在化工工业中进行仪表自动化的常规控制、优化控制技术并进行人机界面的结合,充分发挥仪表自动化在化工工业中的作用。
[关键词]仪表自动化;化工工业;编程
[中图分类号]TQ056.1 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]2095–6487(2021)10–0–02
Application Analysis of Instrument Automation in Chemical Industry
Wang Jian,Lv Jia-liang
[Abstract]With the rapid development of social economy and the continuous improvement of scientific and technological level, intelligence and automation have become the development trend in various fields, and instrument automation is one of the products, which is widely used in many fields. The chemical industry is one of the pillar industries to promote the development of the national economy. Instrument automation has the functions of programming, data processing, memory, accurate calculation, error correction and so on in the chemical industry. Therefore, the conventional control and optimal control technology of instrument automation and the combination of man-machine interface should be carried out in the chemical industry, Give full play to the role of instrument automation in chemical industry.
[Keywords]instrument automation; chemical industry; programming
1 自動化仪表与化工工业分析
1.1 自动化仪表
自动化仪表是实现仪表自动化的前提与基础。自动化仪表指的是由若干自动化元件构成的、功能完善的自动化技术工具(见图1)。自动化仪表具备多重功能,如显示功能、测量功能、记录功能、控制功能、报警功能等。自动化仪表属于信息机器,可以转换信息形式,将输入信号转变为输出信号。常用的自动化仪表有温度仪表、压力仪表、物料仪表、流量仪表、在线过程分析仪表等,工业领域常用仪表有环保仪器仪表、电工仪器仪表以及工业自动化仪表。
(1)温度仪表。无论是石化现场设备还是管道内介质温度都需要指示控制,常利用热电阻、热电偶进行温度指示,其中特殊的热电阻包括油管平均温度计,而特殊的热电偶有表面热电偶、耐磨热电偶、防爆热电偶遇多点式热电偶等。
(2)压力仪表。……
