赵慧慧 高旭 王贯盈 刘英 梁志敏

摘 要：為探究金属粉芯型药芯焊丝电弧增材加工的可行性，采用30CrMnSiA高强钢粉芯型药芯焊丝，结合高速摄像与电信号同步采集系统，分析焊丝在脉冲熔化极气体保护焊工艺下的熔滴过渡特点和电弧稳定性，在确定的工艺参数下，探讨脉冲工艺WAAM对高强钢药芯焊丝沉积件成形性、组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明，高强钢药芯焊丝熔滴过渡类型为多脉一滴的非轴向小滴短路过渡;沉积件横向和纵向力学性能存在差异，横向强度和韧性均优于纵向;沉积件横向和纵向断口存在大量韧窝，均呈现微孔聚集型韧性断裂，且纵向断口韧窝尺寸明显大于横向。因此，将金属粉芯型药芯焊丝应用于增材加工领域，其性能满足使用要求，可获得组织和力学性能优异的沉积件。研究结果可为提高金属粉芯型药芯焊丝的增材加工效率、改善增材加工性能提供借鉴和参考。

关键词：金属材料;金属粉芯型药芯焊丝;高强钢;电弧熔丝增材制造;熔滴过渡;力学性能

中图分类号：TG455   文献标识码：A

doi：10.7535/hbkd.2021yx05009

收稿日期：2021-07-07;修回日期：2021-08-15;责任编辑：张士莹

基金项目：上海市人才发展资金项目（2020038）;国防基础科研项目（JCKY2017205A002）;河北省自然科学基金（E2021208005）;河北省省级科技计划资助（20351801D）

第一作者简介：赵慧慧（1984—），女，辽宁丹东人，高级工程师，博士，主要从事搅拌摩擦焊、增材制造数值模拟及工艺优化和组织性能等方面的研究。

通讯作者：刘 英博士。E-mail：371468939@qq.com

Research on droplet transfer and wire arc additive manufacturing of 30CrMnSiA metal powder-cored welding wire

ZHAO Huihui1，GAO Xu2，WANG Guanying2，LIU Ying2，3，LIANG Zhimin2，3

（1.Shanghai Aerospace Equipments Manufacturer Company Limited，Shanghai 200245，China;2.School of Materials Science and Engineering，Hebei University of Science and Technology，Shijiazhuang，Hebei 050018，China;3.Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-net Forming Technology，Shijiazhuang，Hebei 050018，China）

Abstract：In order to explore the feasibility of arc additive processing of metal powder-cored welding wire，30CrMnSiA high-strength steel powder-cored wire was adopted，combined with high-speed camera and electric signal synchronous acquisition system，to analyze the droplet transfer characteristics and arc stability of the wire under pulse melting and gas shielded welding process.Under certain process parameters，the influence of pulse process WAAM on formability，microstructure and mechanical properties of deposited parts of high-strength steel powder-cored wire was discussed.The experimental results show that the droplet transfer type of high-strength steel powder-cored welding wire is a short circuit transition with non-axial droplet and multiple pulses one drop;the transverse and longitudinal mechanical properties of the deposited part are different;both the strength and toughness along with transverse are better than that of longitudinal direction;there are a large number of dimples on the transverse and longitudinal fractures of the deposited parts，which suggest that the fracture modes are both micropore aggregation plastic fracture，and the size of dimples on the longitudinal fracture is significantly larger than that in the transverse fracture.Therefore，when the metal powder-cored wire is applied to the field of additive processing，its performance meets the application requirements，and the deposited parts with excellent microstructure and mechanical properties can be obtained.The research results provide reference for improving the additive processing efficiency and performance of the metal powder-cored wire.

Keywords：

metallic materials;metal powder-cored welding wire;high strength steel;wire and arc additive manufacturing;droplet transfer;mechanical property

高强钢广泛应用于汽车、船舶、石油管道、海洋平台、航空航天等领域，焊接结构（零件）生产中开发相匹配的等强韧焊接材料具有重要意义[1]。……