双碳目标下高速公路收费站碳排放模型研究
2021-01-05褚如思武同乐何文聪曹光辉
褚如思 武同乐 何文聪 曹光辉
摘 要:交通行业是实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标的重要领域,ETC是落实双碳目标在交通领域的具体举措。为有效量化车辆进出收费站过程的碳排放,推动节能减碳和智慧交通发展,本文立足于河南省高速公路收费站现状特点,运用理论分析和数学建模的方法,构建了不同收费模式下车辆碳排放测算模型,并对模型影响因素进行分析、对参数进行标定,最后以具体实例进行碳排放量测算。结果表明,碳排放测算模型具有一定的实用性,可以为碳排放量化研究、碳效益评估提供理论基础,也可为推动收费站开展节能减碳工作提供一定的参考。
关键词:双碳;高速公路;收费站;ETC;碳排放
中图分类号:U491 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5168(2021)30-0120-04
Abstract: The transportation industry is an important area to achieve the goal of "carbon peaking and carbon neutralization", and ETC is a specific measure to implement the double carbon target in the transportation field. In order to effectively quantify the carbon emission of vehicles in and out of toll stations and promote the development of energy conservation, carbon reduction and intelligent transportation, based on the current characteristics of expressway toll stations in Henan Province, vehicle carbon emission calculation models under different toll modes are constructed in this paper by using the methods of theoretical analysis and mathematical modeling. The influencing factors of the model are analyzed and the parameters are calibrated. Finally, a specific example is conducted to calculate the carbon emission. The results show that the carbon emission calculation model has certain practicability, which can not only provide a theoretical basis for carbon emission quantitative research and carbon benefit evaluation, but also provide a certain reference for promoting energy conservation and carbon reduction in toll stations.
Keywords: double carbon; expressway; toll station; ETC; carbon emission
研究分析表明,實现双碳目标的核心在于碳吸收与碳减排,交通行业主要通过碳减排途径实现双碳目标,即大力发展智慧和绿色交通[1]。近年来,我国高度重视碳减排,2020年12月,中央经济工作会议明确将“做好双碳工作”作为八项重点任务之一[1]。2021年2月,《国家综合立体交通网规划纲要》提出,加快推进绿色低碳发展,交通领域CO2排放尽早达峰[2]。从交通方式来看,公路产生的碳排放在交通行业中的占比最高,超过了80%,需要重点推进碳减排。
ETC系统正是作为可以促进节能低碳的新技术,在国内被推广应用。目前我国客车应用ETC技术相对成熟,但货车应用ETC尚处于起步阶段,收费站碳排放方法研究也主要是针对客车车型,如王清洲等[3]在考虑排队长度等因素的影响,提出了高速主线收费站污染物排放模型;肖鹤等[4]在高速公路低碳运营方面构建了ETC系统碳减排计算模型。……
