二孩政策背景下青少年心理安全感及逆反心理研究
2021-01-04吴紫荧周佳敏刘晓彤苏泳仪丘碧群
吴紫荧 周佳敏 刘晓彤 苏泳仪 丘碧群
摘要为探讨二孩政策、青少年心理安全感、逆反心理之间的关系,采用马斯洛安全感-不安全感量表(青少年修订版),逆反心理量表对2077名中小学生进行调查。得出结论:(1)青少年安全感和逆反心理在弟妹于二孩政策前后出生差异显著;(2)弟妹是否在二孩政策后出生的青少年的安全感、逆反心理在学段、生源地上差异显著;(3)弟妹是否在二孩政策后出生与青少年心理安全感、逆反心理呈显著正相关。
关键词 青少年 二孩政策 安全感 逆反心理
中图分类号:B844.2文献标识码:ADOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdk.2021.13.058
A Study on Adolescent Psychological Security and Reaction Psychology under the Background of Two-Child Policy
WU Ziying, ZHOU Jiamin, LIU Xiaotong, SU Yongyi, QIU Biqun
(College of Education Sciences, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, Guangdong 526061)
AbstractIn order to explore the relationship between the two-child policy, adolescents’ psychological security and rebellious psychology, Maslow security-insecurity scale(Revised edition for teenagers)and the reverse psychology scale were used to investigate 2077 primary and middle school students’mental health. Results: (1) There are significant differences in the sense of security and rebellious psychology of adolescents before and after the two child policy;(2)Whethersiblings werebornafterthetwochild policy ornot, thereweresignificantdifferencesinadolescents’ sense of security and rebellious psychology in school stage and student origin;(3)Whether siblings were born after the two child policy was positively correlated with adolescents’ psychological security and rebellious psychology.
Keywordsteenagers; two-child policy; sense of security; rebellious psychology
0引言
黨的十八届五中全会决定全面实施一对夫妇可生育两个孩子政策,政策的实施改变了不少独生子女的家庭结构。[1]相关研究表明,二孩的到来使家庭承担更大的经济、教育资源压力,其精力更多分配在工作和二孩上,而对大孩的关爱与付出相对变小,大孩较少地被倾听与引导,就会变得压抑,自闭,没有安全感。[2]心理安全感指个体对环境的危险性以及个体能否应付危险性的主观评价反应。[3]有研究发现,64.4%的二孩家庭在二孩出生期易出现大孩心理不适的问题,[4]大孩在二孩出生后的情感问题主要表现为安全感缺乏。[5]
青春期的逆反心理是青少年成长过程中的一种自我防御、自我保护的手段。[6]在部分的二孩家庭中,处于青春期阶段的大孩可能对人际交往、学业等产生困惑,加之情绪不稳定,两极化表现强烈,自我意识增强,部分具有逆反心理。……
