申世英

摘 要：制造业是我国国民经济的支柱型产业，经过改革开放40多年的发展，中国已成为世界制造业第一大国，伴随着中国经济发展步入新常态，勞动力、土地、资源等要素成本优势减弱，传统的经济发展方式难以为继，发展动力由要素驱动向创新驱动转变，调结构、促转型已成为实现经济高质量发展的关键。经济转型发展将更多地依靠人力资本和技术创新，要深入推进制造业结构调整，推动产业结构迈向中高端化。当前世界和社会处于快速发展的进程中，消费者对于产品的质量和使用要求都在不断提升。科技创新是一个企业发展和进步的灵魂。科技创新的根本意义就是突破企业自身的局限，革除不合时宜的旧体制、旧办法，在现有的条件下创造更多适应市场需要的新体制、新举措，走在时代潮流的前面，赢得市场的竞争。对于制造业企业来说，就是在保证盈利的前提下，使得企业的凝聚力和向心力更强，产品质量和数量更高，企业运行更加流畅，产品的市场占有率更高、反响更好。制造业企业要在激烈的市场竞争中站稳脚跟，必须不断提升其科技创新能力，跟上消费者和时代的步伐。本文分析了制造业企业科技创新的制约因素及对策。

关键词：制造业;科技创新能力;技术更新

中图分类号：F273.1;F426.72 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5168（2021）22-0155-04

Abstract： Abstract：Manufacturing industry is the pillar industry of the national economy， after the development of more than 40 years of reform and opening-up， China has become the world's first manufacturing power， along with China's economic development into the new normal， elements such as labor， land and resources cost advantage is abate， the traditional pattern of economic development is unsustainable and development power driven by elements to the innovation drive transition， Adjusting the economic structure and promoting economic transformation have become key to achieving high-quality economic development. Economic transformation and development will rely more on human capital and technological innovation， and we need to deepen the restructuring of the manufacturing sector and upgrade the industrial structure to medium-high level. At present， the world and society are in the process of rapid development， consumers' requirements for product quality and use are constantly improving. Technological innovation is the soul of an enterprise's development and progress. The fundamental significance of scientific and technological innovation is to break through the limitations of enterprises themselves， get rid of outdated old systems and methods， and create more new systems and measures that meet the needs of the market under the existing conditions， so as to stay ahead of the trend of The Times and win the market competition. For manufacturing enterprises， on the premise of ensuring profits， make the cohesion and centripetal force of enterprises stronger， the quality and quantity of products higher， the operation of enterprises more smooth， the market share of products higher， better response. If manufacturing enterprises want to stand firm in the fierce market competition， they must constantly improve their technological innovation ability and keep pace with consumers and The Times. This paper analyzes the restricting factors and countermeasures of technological innovation in manufacturing enterprises.

Keywords： manufacturing; scientific and technological innovation ability; technical update

1 制造業企业科技创新的制约因素

创新型制造业企业在市场中的竞争力更强，是一个已经被市场经济证明的事实。……