王善超　韦尚军　覃记荣　马晓楠　郑伟光

摘 要：为了提升纯电动商用车的制动能量回收效率，提高整车的续航里程。根据ECE法规和前后轮理想制动分配曲线，设计了一种适用于以后轮为驱动轮的制动力分配曲线，并提出了一种串联制动能量回收策略。在AVL-CRUISE中完成纯电动商用车的模型，在NEDC工况下完成并联策略与串联策略的仿真，串联策略比并联策略的制动能量回收效率提高了8%。结果表明串联制动能量回收策略能够大大提高纯电动商用车的制动回收效率，是提升纯电动商用车续航的有效方法。关键词：纯电动商用车;制动能量回收;串联策略中图分类号：U469.72  文献标识码：A  文章编号：1671-7988（2020）11-11-04

Abstract： In order to improve the braking energy recovery efficiency of pure electric commercial vehicles and improve the vehicle's endurance mileage. According to the ECE regulation and the ideal braking distribution curve of front and rear wheels， a braking force distribution curve suitable for driving wheels of rear wheels is designed， and a series braking energy recovery strategy is proposed. The model of pure electric commercial vehicle is completed in AVL-cruise， and the simulation of parallel strategy and series strategy is completed under NEDC condition. The braking energy recovery efficiency of series strategy is 8% higher than that of parallel strategy. The results show that the series braking energy recovery strategy can greatly improve the braking recovery efficiency of pure electric commercial vehicles， and it is an effective way to improve the endurance of pure electric commercial vehicles.Keywords： Pure electric commercial vehicle; Brake energy recovery; Series strategyCLC NO.： U469.72  Document Code： A  Article ID： 1671-7988（2020）11-11-04

引言

随着汽车行业的迅速发展，能源危机和环境恶化问题已经成为困扰当今世界的两大难题，大力发展纯电动汽车成为解决问题的一个方法。电动机作为纯电动汽车的唯一动力源，在行驶时不但可以当电动机提供动力，还可以在减速时当做发电机，为汽车产生制动力矩的同时也为电池充电，能够大大提升纯电动汽车的行驶里程[1-2]。

纯电动汽车在引入制动能量回收时，会导致前后轮的制动力分配、摩擦制动力与再生制动力分配的变化。在保证整车制动性能不受影响的前提下，尽可能提高再生制动的比例。如何在保证制动安全性与稳定性的前提下最大限度的回收制动能量成为再生制动研究的重点和难点[3]。由于并联制动能量回收策略相对简单，成本低廉，在量产的纯电动汽车的制动能量回收策略多为并联策略，即仅将驱动轮的制动力按比例分配给电机再生制动力和摩擦制动力，电机的制动能量回收效果不理想[4]。……