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基于主成分分析的电动汽车驾乘满意度评价

2020-10-21李郁菡师祯

汽车实用技术 2020年11期

李郁菡 师祯

摘 要:随着电动汽车保有量的快速增加,用户需求与现有电动汽车续航里程、基础设施等短板之间的矛盾日益显著。要提高电动汽车的接纳程度,进一步推广并提高销量,首先要了解电动汽车车主和潜在用户的满意度。文章从产品质量、性能质量、电池、汽车费用、国家政策五个方面建立影响电动汽车驾乘满意度的评价指标体系,设计调查问卷并采集数据。采用主成分分析的方法对原始数据进行处理,进而得出影响电动汽车驾乘满意度的主要影响因子,并根据数据处理结果对电动汽车的发展提供建议。

关键词:电动汽车;驾乘满意度;主成分分析法

Abstract: With the rapid increase of the number of electric vehicles, the contradiction between the user demand and the existing electric vehicle range infrastructure is increasingly obvious. It is necessary to understand the satisfaction of electric vehicle owners and potential users for increasing the acceptance of electric vehicles, further promoting and increasing sales. This paper establishes the evaluation index system of ev driving satisfaction, designs the questionnaire and collects the data from the five aspects of national policy of product quality, performance, quality, battery and vehicle cost. The principal component analysis (pca) method was used to process the original data, and then the main factors affecting driving satisfaction of ev were obtained. Suggestions for the development of electric vehicles were provided according to the data processing results.

Keywords: The electric vehicles; Driving satisfaction;

引言

我国汽车保有量高速平稳增长,传统化石燃料日渐短缺、大气污染加剧、温室效应等问题也随之而来,新能源汽车与传统燃油车相比耗能低、排污少,汽车电动化已成为汽车行业的一大发展趋势。

在我国新能源政策和市场的双重推动下,经过十余年的飞速发展,中国电动汽车行业已经形成了一套完整的产业链,电动汽车进入了飞速发展期。但随着电动汽车保有量的增长,用户在使用和乘坐电动汽车过程中暴露出的问题也日益显著。与成熟的传统燃油汽车相比,电动汽车购置成本高、续航里程短、配套设施不够完善等成为制约电动汽车提升市场占有率的重要因素,并且其在续航里程、充电时间、乘员舒适度、安全性等方面仍有争议[1]。特别是2018年7月我國新能源汽车新补贴计划正式实施及国VI排放标准颁布后,纯电动汽车的发展趋势再一次引起聚焦。……

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