安飞翔

摘 要：引汉济渭工程秦岭隧洞岭南工程TBM施工过程中，由于隧洞具有“三高两强一长”的工程特点，因此设备长期处于极限负荷状态下掘进，造成刀盘外密封泄压。研究制定了洞内更换刀盘外密封的方案和操作方法。刀盘总质量为135 t，拟定将刀盘使用钢支撑结合锚杆形式固定，进行刀盘与主轴承分离，分离长度约为0.9 m，其后进行外密封检查更换以及螺栓更换工作。经过更换后的刀盘外密封及主轴承油品检测各项指标正常，在引汉济渭工程秦岭隧洞TBM施工段岭南工程高磨蚀性硬岩地段掘进施工中，刀盘贯入度明显提高，节省了大量维修保养时间，提高了施工工效。

关键词：大直径刀盘;TBM主轴承;密封;更换技术;引汉济渭工程

中图分类號：TV53;U455 文献标志码：B

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2020.02.024

Abstract：During the construction of the Lingnan TBM tunnel in Hanjiang-to-Weihe River Valley Water Diversion Project，due to the engineering characteristics of “three highs， two intensities and one length”， the equipment is driven under the limit load state for a long time， resulting in the sealing and pressure relief outside the cutterhead. The scheme and operation method for replacing the outer seal of the cutter head in the hole were studied and formulated. The total mass of the cutterhead was 135 t. It was proposed to fix the cutterhead in the form of steel support combined with anchor rod to separate the cutterhead from the main bearing. The separation length is about 0.9 m. Thereafter， the outer seal was inspected and replaced and the cutterhead link bolt shall be replaced. After replacing the outer seal of the cutterhead， all indexes of the main bearing oil inspection were normal. During the excavation of the highly abrasive hard rock section of the Lingnan TBM tunnel of Hanjiang-to-Weihe River Valley Water Diversion Project， the penetration of the cutter head had been obviously improved， which saved a lot of maintenance time and improved the construction efficiency.

Key words： large diameter cutter head; TBM main bearing; seal; replacement technology;Hanjiang-to-Weihe River Valley Water Diversion Project

全断面隧洞掘进机（TBM）因工作效率高、隧洞成型好、对周边环境影响小及作业安全等优点已被广泛应用于国内外深埋长隧洞的施工中[1-3]。TBM作为长大隧道施工的主力军，其设备各方面性能必须具备可靠性、稳定性，否则将给工程建设造成极大损失。为更好满足施工需求，通常根据工程地质条件对TBM进行选型、设计和制造，但仍无法避免掘进施工过程中其出现故障的风险。如新疆吐库二线铁路中天山隧道TB880E型隧道掘进机主轴内外密封均出现过问题，曾在洞内更换[4-5];秦岭隧道TBM掘进过程中曾出现后部撑靴无法收回的故障[6];锦屏TBM-319主轴承润滑系统曾经出现故障[7];辽宁某供水工程TBM4左右侧撑靴分别脱落[8];TBM刀盘在中天山隧道上场前曾经全面整修[9-10]，但施工过程中仍然出现了较为严重的问题。……