程改芳 马福恒 叶伟

摘 要：土石坝外部变形监测是掌握大坝安全运行性态的重要基础工作，土石坝具有自身变形特征，不能像混凝土坝那样使用引张线仪、静力水准仪实现自动化监测，如何快速准确地监测土石坝表面变形一直是坝工界的难题。结合河南省陆浑水库大坝实际，开展土石坝表面变形自动监测系统方案设计、系统实施及观测资料可靠性分析，评价大坝变形安全性态。实施效果表明，GeoMOS远程控制机器人能够做到快速响应、准确控制，测量机器人的ATR功能识别准确、高效精准，能够实时掌握大坝各测点的位移情况，极大降低了测量人员的内、外业工作量，可为大坝安全运行提供技术保障，也可为同类型大坝的变形自动监测提供借鉴。

关键词：大坝表面变形;自动监测;资料分析;测量机器人;陆浑水库

中图分类号：P204;TU196+.1文献标志码：A

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2020.06.034

Design and Practice on Automatic Monitoring System for Luhun Earth-Rock Dam Surface Deformation

CHENG Gaifang1， MA Fuheng2，3， YE Wei2

（1.Henan Management Bureau of Luhun Reservoir， Luoyang 471003， China;

2.Dam Safety Management Department of Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute， Nanjing 210029， China;

3.Dam Safety Management Center of the Ministry of Water Resources， Nanjing 210029， China）

Abstract：External deformation monitoring of earth-rock dams is an important part of controlling safe operation behavior of dams. Due to the deformation characteristics of earth-rock dams， it is impossible to use tension line instrument and static level instrument to realize automatic monitoring as used on concrete dams. How to monitor the surface deformation of earth-rock dam quickly and accurately has been a difficult issue to be solved urgently in dam engineering field. Based on the actual situation of Luhun Reservoir in Henan Province， the scheme design， system implementation and reliability analysis of observation data for automatic monitoring system of surface deformation were carried out and the safety state of dam deformation was evaluated. The implementation results show that GeoMOS remote control robot can achieve fast response and accurate control. The identification process of the measuring robot ART is accurate， efficient and accurate， which can grasp the displacement of the dam in real time and greatly reduce the workload of the surveyors both inside and outside. It can provide a technical guarantee for the safe operation of the dam. It can provide reference for automatic monitoring of deformation of similar dams.

Key words： dam surface deformation; automatic monitoring; data analysis; measurement robot; Luhun Reservoir

土石坝填筑材料的离散性、非刚性造成坝体变形的非一致性。依据规范[1]，土石坝表面变形包括水平位移和垂直位移，3级建筑物以上为必测项目。非山区水库大坝一般较长，表面变形测点布置较多，观测工作强度大，观测频次少，不能及时掌握大坝变形状态。鉴于土石坝的变形特征，也不能像混凝土坝那样使用引张线仪、静力水准仪实现自动化监测，如何快速准确地监测土石坝表面变形一直是坝工界的难题。杨超等[2]、王豪威等[3]以某水电站大坝位移监测项目为例，研究了MT50全站仪的自有设站、监测精……