李丹

摘 要：为提高高速公路通行效率，在原有收费系统基础上提出基于“车牌识别+移动支付”的高速公路收费系统，无需额外安装设备即可实现不停车收费。系统核心技术为车牌识别与移动支付。车牌识别采用小波降噪技术对图像进行降噪处理，采用数学形态学方法进行车牌定位，采用垂直投影法进行字符分割，采用ORC算法进行字符识别;移动支付通过调用第三方支付平台（微信或支付宝）接口方式实现。对车牌图像进行降噪处理后，车牌识别正确率达到96%，比未降噪处理提高3%;与ETC收费车道相比，从该系统入口车道通行时间缩短7秒，出口车道缩短8秒，试验结果表明该系统提高了高速公路通行效率。

关键词：车牌识别;移动支付;小波降噪;车牌定位;字符分割

DOI：10. 11907/rjdk. 201359 开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

中图分类号：TP319文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-7800（2020）008-0173-05

Abstract： In order to enrich the highway toll collection method and further improve the highway traffic efficiency， this paper proposes the highway toll collection system based on “license plate recognition + mobile payment” on the basis of the original toll collection system， and realize non-stop toll collection without installing additional equipment. License plate recognition and mobile payment is the core technology of the system， the license plate recognition process uses wavelet noise reduction on the image noise reduction processing， adopts mathematical morphological method for license plate positioning and vertical projection method for character segmentation as well as ORC algorithm for character recognition. Mobile payment is realized by calling the third-party company payment platform （WeChat and Alipay） interface. After noise reduction of license plate images， the correct rate of license plate identification reached 96%， which is 3% higher than that without noise reduction. Compared with the ETC toll lane， the travel time of the entrance lane was reduced by 7 seconds and the exit lane was reduced by 8 seconds after using this system; the test results showed that this system improved the efficiency of highway traffic.

Key Words： license plate recognition; mobile payment; wavelet noise reduction; license plate positioning; character segmentation

0 引言

目前高速公路收費主要有人工半自动收费（Manual Toll Collection， MTC）、电子不停车收费（Electronic Toll Collection，ETC）两种方式[1-2]。MTC由人与计算机设备、电子识别设备、信息显示及交通控制设备等共同完成，只有某些工作环节需要人工完成[3]。ETC通过在车辆上安装ETC车载器，与ETC车道接收天线进行微波通讯，并利用互联网技术从该车预付款账户中扣除费用，实现不停车收费[4-6]。ETC技术具有提高高速公路通行效率、无需工作人员操作、减少现金管理成本等优势，但ETC办理和初始安装较复杂，在一定程度上限制了该功能使用[7]。

随着移动支付的普及，使用移动支付技术收缴高速公路过路费成为研究热点，研究重点包括停车移动支付和不停车移动支付两种模式[8-9]。……