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基于改进AHP的元谋县地质灾害危险性评价

2020-09-02章瑞温兴平罗大游

软件导刊 2020年8期
关键词:一致性区域评价

章瑞 温兴平 罗大游

摘 要:元谋县地质灾害严重,对其进行地质灾害评价有利于预防地质灾害。通过Arcgis与ENVI软件生成地质灾害危险性的8个评价因子图。构建层次结构模型,通过Python实现改进的层次分析法(AHP),计算出评价因子权重,对元谋县地质灾害危险性进行评价并验证。研究结果表明:①元谋县以中危险区域为主,高、中、低、轻微危险区域所占比例分别为16.3%、39.5%、24.9%、19.3%; ②地质灾害点落在高、中、低危险地区共占86.1%,落在轻微危险地区为13.9%。改进AHP简化了传统AHP的计算难度,地质灾害危险性评价结果精度较高。

关键词:改进AHP;地质灾害;灾害评价;Arcgis

DOI:10. 11907/rjdk. 192647 开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):

中图分类号:TP319文献标识码:A 文章编号:1672-7800(2020)008-0130-04

Abstract:The geological disasters in Yuanmou County are serious, and the evaluation of geological disasters is conducive to the prevention of geological disasters. Eight evaluation factor maps for geological hazard risk were generated by Arcgis and ENVI software, and a hierarchical structure model was constructed. The improved analytic hierarchy process was implemented by Python, and the corresponding weights of evaluation factors were calculated to evaluate the geological hazard risk of Yuanmou County. The results show that Yuanmou County is dominated by medium-risk areas, and the proportions of high, medium, low and slightly dangerous areas are 16.3%, 39.5%, 24.9%, 19.3%. Meanwhile geological disasters in high, medium and low-risk areas accounted for 86.1% in total and 13.9% in slightly dangerous areas. The improved AHP simplifies the computational difficulty of the traditional AHP, and the obtained geological disaster risk assessment results are highly accurate.

Key Words:improved AHP;geological hazard risk; disaster assessment;Arcgis

0 引言

地质灾害是自然或人为作用所致,严重危害人类生命财产和生存环境安全,2019年1-7月,全国共发生地质灾害4 815起,死亡150人,直接经济损失高达11.6亿元。遥感具备得天独厚的优势,可从不同高度、角度对地质研究提供帮助[1-2]。遥感在地质上的应用也越来越多,汶川地震時遥感发挥了重要作用[3-4]。地质灾害危险性评价常见方法有趋势面分析法[5]、神经网络法[6]、模糊层次分析法[7]、信息量模型[8]、层次分析法[9]、Logistic回归模型[10]等。层次分析法(the analytic hierarchy process)20世纪70年代由运筹学家托马斯·塞蒂首次提出,但层次分析法存在指标增多时,符合一致性的判断矩阵极难构建等缺点,因此有人将评价因子重要性判断改成三标度法[11]。标度的方法确实使判断矩阵的一致性更容易通过,但也只能粗略判断评价因子之间的重要性。……

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