差异化区域农产品冷链共同配送建设的集聚效应研究
2020-09-02耿波
耿波
【摘 要】随着人们生活水平的不断提高,人们对于农产品的需求也从数量要求转型为质量要求,尤其是对于新鲜瓜果、蔬菜、海鲜等的需求迅速增长,使作为农产品保鲜载体的冷链物流需求不断增加。因此,差异化区域农产品冷链共同配送建设也得到越来越多的重视。论文对我国农产品冷链需求的现状、面临的问题以及完善的措施等方面进行重点阐述,以期进一步推动农产品冷链物流发展。
【Abstract】With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people's demand for agricultural products has also transformed from quantity requirements to quality requirements. In particular, the demand for fresh fruits, vegetables, seafood and so on is growing rapidly. This makes the demand of cold chain logistics as the carrier of agricultural products keep increasing. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the cold chain joint distribution and construction of agricultural products in differentiated regions. This paper especially describes the demand status, facing problems, improvement measures and other aspects of the cold chain of China's agricultural products, so as to further promote the development of cold chain logistics of agricultural products.
【关键词】冷链;物流差异化;聚集效应
【Keywords】cold chain; logistics differentiation; agglomeration effect
【中图分类号】F259.22;F326.6 【文献标志码】A 【文章编号】1673-1069(2020)07-0090-02
1 我国农产品冷链需求现状
1.1 农产品产量大,冷链需求增加
近年来,随着人们消费结构的调整和改变,对于每天餐桌上的产品需求也不断精益求精。农产品产量和运输需求越来越大,对冷链物流的需求不断增加。我国的地域性特征显著,每个地区的农产品种类各不相同,沿海的新鲜海产品、平原的有机蔬菜、大草原的奶制品等都需要全国范围内长距离的运输,所以对于冷链物流的要求很高。
1.2 不同类型的农产品对冷链的要求不同
冷链物流中的农产品主要集中在果蔬、奶制品、肉制品和水产品等领域。不同类型农产品对储存条件的要求各不相同,对物流运输的环境要求也有区别。例如,蔬菜类储存温度应该保持在0~2℃,瓜果类储存温度保持在7~10℃,冷冻肉类不超过-18℃,冷鲜肉类、水产品的要求一致。不同类型的农产品储存要求和储存时间的差异也造成了冷链物流的差异化发展。……
