吴娟

[摘要]目的 探讨女性患者发生外阴白色病变的相关影响因素。方法 回顾性分析2014年1月～2017年10月于我院就诊且经病理证实为外阴白色病变的200例患者为外阴白色病变组，抽取同期陪诊患者亲友、健康体检者或住院患者健康家属200例为健康对照组。记录一般资料，对可能影响女性发生外阴白色病变的各因素进行单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 两组穿着内裤材料比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;外阴白色病变组每日坐姿工作时间≥6 h、辛辣饮食习惯、悲观消极情绪、免疫疾病、阴道炎或尿道炎、产伤、产次≥2次占比高于健康对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;經Logistic回归分析发现，每日坐姿工作时间≥6 h、辛辣饮食习惯、悲观消极情绪、免疫疾病、阴道炎或尿道炎、产伤、产次≥2次为患者发生外阴白色病变的相关影响因素（OR>1，P<0.05）。结论 每日坐姿工作≥6 h、辛辣饮食习惯、悲观消极情绪均为女性患者发生外阴白色病变的危险因素，临床可通过改善工作方式及饮食习惯，改善其心理状态，降低发生外阴白色病变风险。

[关键词]外阴白色病变;流行病学;饮食习惯;阴道炎;尿道炎;产伤

[中图分类号] R711.72          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721（2020）7（a）-0133-03

Study on the influencing factors of the morbidity of female vulva white lesions

WU Juan

Department of Medical， Jiangxi Province Maternal and Child Health Hospital， Nanchang   330008， China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the influencing factors of the morbidity of vulva white lesions in female patients. Methods The retrospective analysis was adopted. A total of 200 patients confirmed as vulva white lesions by pathological section in the hospital from January 2014 to October 2017 were selected as vulva white lesions group， and 200 healthy female relatives and friends， health check-ups or family members of inpatients who were accompanied during the same period were selected as healthy control group. The general data were recorded， and univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed to find the influencing factors of vulva white lesions in female patients. Results There was no statistical difference in the proportion of underwear material between two groups （P>0.05）. The proportion of time daily sitting work≥6 h， spicy dietary habit， pessimistic and passive emotions， immune disease， vaginitis or urethritis， birth injury， and parity （≥2 times） in vulval white lesions group were higher than those in healthy control group （P<0.05）. The Logistic regression analysis found that time daily sitting work≥6 h， spicy dietary habit， pessimistic and passive emotions， immune disease， vaginitis or urethritis， birth injury， and parity （≥2 times） were influencing factors of vulval white lesions in female patients （OR>1， P<0.05）. Conclusion Daily sitting work≥6 h， spicy dietary habit， pessimistic and passive emotions， etc. are risk factors that cause vulva white lesions in female patients. Clinically， it can improve their psychological state and reduce their risks of vulva white lesions by improving the working style and dietary habit.

[Key words] Vulva white lesions; Epidemiology; Dietary habit; Vaginitis; Urethritis; Birth injury

外阴白色病变又称外阴白斑、外阴上皮非瘤样变等，是一种女性外阴皮肤和黏膜组织发生变性及色素改变的慢性疾病，易复发且有3%的癌变率，病程较长，无法彻底治愈，对患者心理及生理造成严重影响[1]。近年来，外阴白色病变患者有逐年增多趋势，年龄17～75岁，高峰年龄在50岁前后，且其发病原因尚不明确。关于外阴白色病变，目前对其临床治疗研究较多，但对于其病因或影响因素的研究较少，部分研究表明，外陰白色病变通常与免疫、遗传、内分泌、炎症、局部组织代谢及微循环有较大的关联[2-3]。但目前关于女性外阴白色病变相关因素的研究迄今仍尚无报道。本研究旨在探讨女性患者发生外阴白色病变相关影响因素，以期为该病临床治疗和预防提供帮助，现报道如下。