彭春玲 刘小霞 陈青华

[摘要]目的 探討全面护理干预在老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者布地奈德雾化吸入治疗中的应用效果。方法 选取2018年5月～2019年9月我院收治的50例老年COPD患者为研究对象，根据随机分组法分为观察组和对照组，每组各25例。两组行布地奈德雾化吸入治疗，对照组给予常规护理，观察组施行全面护理干预，比较两组口腔护理情况及心理状态。结果 干预后，两组pH值高于干预前，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;干预后，观察组pH值高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;干预后，两组焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分低于干预前，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;干预后，观察组SAS评分低于对照组（P<0.05），观察组住院时间短于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组口腔白斑和真菌感染发生率均低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 对老年COPD患者布地奈德雾化吸入实施全面护理干预效果明显。

[关键词]护理干预;阻塞性肺病;布地奈德;雾化吸入;口腔真菌感染

[中图分类号] R473.5          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721（2020）7（b）-0231-04

Observation on the efficacy of nursing intervention in preventing oral fungal infection caused by aerosol inhalation of Budesonide in elderly patients with obstructive pulmonary diseases

PENG Chun-ling   LIU Xiao-xia   CHEN Qing-hua

Department of Respiratory Medicine， Ganzhou Municipal Hospital， Jiangxi Province， Ganzhou   341000， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of comprehensive nursing intervention in the elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases （COPD） by Budesonide inhalation therapy. Methods Totally 50 elderly patients with COPD who were admitted to our hospital from May 2018 to September 2019 were selected as research subjects. They were divided into observation group and control group according to random grouping method， 25 cases in each group. Budesonide inhalation therapy was applied to both groups. Patients in the control group received routine nursing intervention， and in the observation group， they received comprehensive nursing intervention. The oral care status and mental state between the two groups were compared. Results After intervention， the pH of the two groups of patients was higher than that before intervention， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）; after intervention， the pH of the observation group was higher than that of the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. After intervention， the score of self-anxiety scale （SAS） of the two groups was lower than that before intervention， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）; after intervention， the SAS score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group （P<0.05）. The hospital stay in the observation group was shorter than that of the control group， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The incidence rates of oral leukoplakia and oral fungal infection in the observation group were lower than those of the control group， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion The effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on elderly patients with COPD with Budesonide inhalation therapy is remarkable.

[Key words] Nursing intervention; Obstructive pulmonary disease; Budesonide; Aerosol inhalation; Oral fungal infection

老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）为呼吸科常见病，多数需采用药物治疗，在临床治疗多采用布地奈德雾化吸入，治疗效果较佳。但在临床中发现，因布地奈德雾化吸入而引起口腔真菌感染等并发症发生率较高，影响治疗效果同时给患者带来极大不适，增加患者心理压力与经济负担。因此降低布地奈德不良反应，提高治疗安全性是保证治疗效果、提升患者生活质量的关键。护理干预是重要的辅助治疗手段，现阶段常规护理，对患者心理状态、治疗依从性缺少关注，这正是护理工作要改进的地方。本研究选取50例老年COPD患者为研究对象，观察护理干预在预防老年COPD患者布地奈德雾化吸入致口腔真菌感染应用效果，现报道如下。

1资料与方法

1.1一般资料

选取2018年5月～2019年9月我院收治的50例老年COPD患者为研究对象，经我院医学伦理委员会批准后，根据随机分组法分为观察组和对照组，每组各25例。……