罗扬勇 万宇 刘晋廷 黄建军

[摘要]癌症是目前危害人类健康和生命最严重的一类疾病，其中乳腺癌是近年来发病率和死亡率增长速度仅次于肺癌的一类恶性肿瘤，且发病年龄趋于年轻化。寻找一种可靠的乳腺癌诊断指标成为临床研究的热点。由于乳腺癌是由少数自我更新的肿瘤干细胞引起的，这些干细胞也可能在肿瘤复发中发挥作用。因此，调控癌症干细胞的基因在控制癌症方面具有重要意义。Zeste增强子同源物2（EZH2）基因在乳腺癌发展过程中表达升高，并在乳腺干细胞数量增加中发挥作用。本文分析了EZH2的具体作用及其相关miRNA与乳腺癌之间的关系。

[关键词]Zeste增强子同源物2;乳腺癌;miRNA;进展

[中图分类号] R737.9          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721（2020）7（b）-0019-04

Research progress of EZH2 and its related miRNAs in breast cancer

LUO Yang-yong1，2   WAN Yu2   LIU Jin-ting1   HUANG Jian-jun2▲

1. Graduate School， Guizhou Medical University， Guizhou Province， Guiyang   550004， China; 2. Department of Breast Surgery， Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University， Guizhou Province， Guiyang   550004， China

[Abstract] Cancer is the most serious disease that endangers human health and life at present， among which breast cancer is a kind of malignant tumor with the increasing rate of morbidity and mortality only second to lung cancer in recent years， and the age of onset tends to be younger. Finding a reliable diagnostic index for breast cancer has become a hot spot in clinical research. Because breast cancer is caused by a small number of self-renewing tumor stem cells， these stem cells may also play a role in tumor recurrence. Thus， genes that regulate cancer stem cells have important implications for cancer control. The Zeste enhancer homologue 2 （EZH2） gene is expressed in increased breast cancer development and plays a role in the increase in the number of breast stem cells. The specific role of EZH2 and the relationship between its miRNA and breast cancer were analyzed

[Key words] Zeste enhancer homolog 2; Breast cancer; miRNA; Progression

乳腺癌作为临床上十分常见的恶性肿瘤，在女性死亡原因中占首位，近年来随着人们工作压力逐渐增大，乳腺癌发病率直线升高，对女性的身心健康均造成严重影响[1]。因该病早期无特异性表现，加上诊断措施匮乏，导致多数乳腺癌在病情发展至晚期才予以确诊。因此，提高乳腺癌的诊断准确率，不仅需要了解乳腺癌的发病机制，最重要是寻找可靠的诊断方法与标志物[2]。有组织学研究显示[3]，随着肿瘤的进展，其病理状态发生了变化，细胞核增大，细胞增殖增加，浸润细胞增多。Zeste增强子同源物2（EZH2）沉默小鼠的组织病理学也显示细胞核增大、损伤形成和细胞聚集。EZH2和miRNA的免疫组化和Western Blotting分析显示[4]，随着肿瘤进展到下一个水平，表达水平升高，且EZH2主要通过miRNA在恶性肿瘤中实现基因调控功能。……