苏娅丽 王丕琳 刘均娥

[摘要] 目的 探讨催眠疗法对乳腺癌患者化疗所致的恶心呕吐的干预效果。 方法 选取2017年7月～2018年8月首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院接受化疗的乳腺癌患者110例为研究对象，按随机数字表法将其分为试验组（56例）和对照组（54例）。对照组采用常规治疗护理，试验组在对照组的基础上实施催眠疗法干预。比较两组干预前后恶心呕吐频率、程度、化疗依从性。 结果 两组恶心呕吐发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）;试验组恶心呕吐程度低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。试验组依从率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。 结论 催眠疗法可有效降低乳腺癌化疗患者的恶心呕吐程度，提高患者化疗依从性。

[关键词] 乳腺癌;化疗期;恶心呕吐;催眠疗法

[中图分类号] R737.9          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1673-7210（2020）07（a）-0167-04

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of hypnotherapy on nausea and vomiting in patients with breast cancer during chemotherapy. Methods From July 2017 to August 2018， 110 cases with breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy in Beijing Tiantan Hospital， Capital Medical University were selected as research objects. They were divided into the experimental group （56 cases） and the control group （54 cases） according to the random number table method. The control group received routine care， and the experimental group received hypnotherapy intervention. The nausea and vomiting frequency， degree and chemotherapy compliance of the two groups were compared before and after intervention. Results There was no significant difference in the incidence of nausea and vomiting between the two groups （P > 0.05）; and the degree of nausea and vomiting in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group， with statistically significant difference （P < 0.05）. The compliance rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group， with statistically significant difference （P < 0.05）. Conclusion Hypnotherapy can effectively reduce the degree of nausea and vomiting in patients with breast cancer chemotherapy and improve their compliance with chemotherapy.

[Key words] Breast cancer; Chemotherapy; Nausea and vomiting; Hypnosis

乳腺癌全球發病率逐年上升，占女性癌症发病率首位[1]。化疗药物能够有效控制肿瘤细胞的生长，改善临床症状，显著提升乳腺癌患者的存活率[2-3]。但是化疗带来的恶心呕吐给患者带来了巨大痛苦。研究[4-6]发现，75%左右的化疗药物会导致恶心呕吐等不良反应的发生，这些不良反应会导致患者食欲减退、焦虑抑郁，严重者发生代谢紊乱、免疫力下降、营养不良，影响后续治疗和患者的生活质量。尽管止吐药对化疗所致的恶心呕吐有一定的改善作用，但仍有40%的患者症状没有减轻[7]。催眠疗法是一种采用特殊的行为技术结合语言暗示，使患者进入到潜意识状态当中，干预者通过积极的暗示来控制患者身心状态的一种心理治疗方法[8-9]。在癌症方面，催眠疗法主要用于降低负性情绪和缓解癌痛等[10-11]，对于化疗后呕吐的效果尚不明确。本研……