川黔民间常用药肺经草肺筋草考证
2020-08-27蔡凌云李培武何琴
蔡凌云 李培武 何琴


[摘要] 肺经草(肺筋草)是川黔民间常用药,文献中一般以肺筋草或肺经草记载,没有加以区别,但川黔两省习用的肺经草(肺筋草)不是同一味药材,存在“同名异物”的现象,两者均能治疗咳嗽等肺部疾病,但是两者来源于不同科属植物,应区别使用。本研究从名称、基原、性味归经、功效主治、化学成分等方面对有关肺经草(肺筋草)记载进行考证,指出两者不同之处,为以后文献正确记载提供可能,为该民间药的正确使用提供依据。
[关键词] 肺经草(肺筋草);川黔;薄片变豆菜;粉条儿菜;考证
[中图分类号] R282 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2020)07(a)-0132-04
[Abstract] Lung meridian grass (false aloe) is a common folk medicine in Sichuan and Guizhou Province. It is generally record in the literature by lung meridian grass or false aloe, without any difference. There are “foreign body of the same name”. Both of them can treat lung diseases such as cough. But they come from different families of plants. Absolutely, they should be used differently. Records of lung meridian grass (false aloe) are study from the aspects of name, basic principle, nature, taste, efficacy and chemical composition. The differences between two are pointed out by the study, which provide the possibility for the correct records in the future literature and the basis for the correct use of the folk medicine.
[Key words] Lung meridian grass (false aloe); Sichuan and Guizhou; Sanicula lamelligera Hance; Aletris spicata; Textual research
肺經草(肺筋草)是川黔民间常用药,主要用于化痰止咳、气喘等症。虽然川黔两地均多用肺经草(肺筋草)治疗咳嗽等肺部疾病,但川黔两省习用的肺经草(肺筋草)不是同一味药材,两者来源于不同科属植物,存在“同名异物”的现象,并且出现在文献各验方组成中,多见肺筋草或肺经草,但它们化学成分有差异,药效不同,应区别使用。例如在一些文献中记载的是四川习用的肺经草(肺筋草)[1-19],还有一些文献所记载的是指贵州习用的肺经草(肺筋草)[1,20-35],而另一些文献中记载的肺经草(肺筋草)不能确定所指[36-40]。《中医五脏病诊疗学》[36]中记载的枇杷叶散中为肺筋草。《新编中草药图谱及经典配方4》[37]中记载的虚弱咳嗽方中为肺筋草。《实用中草药图典》[38]中收录的百日咳处方中为肺经草。《精选草药彩色图谱2》[39]中记载的治发烧、气喘、胸痛验方中为肺筋草。……
