文丘里管内空化效果影响因素研究
2020-08-26邵俊鹏刘亚楠
邵俊鹏 刘亚楠



摘 要:以文丘里管空化发生器为对象,通过考虑水中空气析出与消解过程的时变性,建立了水气两相的动态空化模型。运用FLUENT软件对水气两相流流动问题进行三维数值模拟研究,获得了文丘里管喉口直径、进口压力以及串联文丘里管等对汽含率变化产生影响的规律。数值模拟结果与实验相对比表明,汽含率随进口压力增加而增加,但并非无限增加,存在极限值;随着喉径的增加,文丘里管的空化效果逐渐减弱;相同条件下,串联文丘里管的空化效果不如单个文丘里管的空化效果,即串联文丘里管不能实现两级空化。以上研究对文丘里管的工程应用具有重要意义。
关键词:文丘里管;动态空化模型;数值模拟
DOI:10.15938/j.jhust.2020.03.019
中图分类号: TL334
文献标志码: A
文章编号: 1007-2683(2020)03-0122-09
Abstract:The dynamic cavitation model of air-water two-phase flow was established according to the time variation of air precipitation and digestion process in water, which was used in FLUENT three-dimension numerical simulation to simulate the air-water two-phase flow, and the variation law of venturi tube throat diameter、inlet pressure and tandem venturi on vapor volume fraction were obtained. The results of numerical simulation and experiments show that the vapor volume fraction increases with pressure increasing,But not infinitely increasing, there are limits;As the throat diameter increases, the cavitation effect of the venturi tube gradually decreases;Under the same conditions, the cavitation effect of the tandem venturi is not as good as the cavitation effect of a single venturi, that is, the two-stage cavitation cannot be realized by the tandem venturi.The above research is of great significance to the engineering application of venturi tubes.
Keywords:venturi tube;dynamic cavitation model;numerical simulation
0 引 言
空化是因為当流体经过节流元件时,由于流体流速变大,压力减小,液体中局部压力低于相应温度时的饱和蒸气压而出现的空泡生成、长大及溃灭的流体动力学现象[1]。空化发生时可形成局部高温、高压,并能形成强烈的冲击波和微射流,是潜在的巨大能量,被大量运用于水中有机污染物降解、液态食品杀菌、物料混合、工业设备防除垢、化工反应过程强化等各方面[2-4]。
空化问题的基础研究方向主要包括空化引起的气蚀问题、空化初生理论、以单气泡为研究对象的气泡动力学以及空化噪声等[5-6]。
针对文丘里管内的空化现象,在结构参数方面,庄水田等[7-10]和杨会中等[11]对文丘里管内空化流场进行了数值模拟或实验,研究了文丘里管结构形式和参数对空化数、汽含率的影响,得到一定条件下的最优参数。……
