蔡渝 赵晓刚 周毅

摘      要：油库静电安全是石油行业安全防护的关键之一，对其进行评估是一个较为复杂且模糊性大的问题。结合油库实际工作情况，从人员管控、防止静电产生、防止静电积聚3个方面，选取12个影响因素建立油库静电安全评价指标体系，提出一种基于中心点三角白化权函数的油库静电安全灰色聚类评估模型，并通过算例对该模型的有效性进行检验。结果表明该模型不仅可以有效地对油库静电安全进行合理、客观的评估，同时在确立多级评估指标的基础之上，能够有效地找到油库静电安全的薄弱环节并有针对性对相关因素采取相应的预防措施，从而达到提升油库静电安全水平的目的。

关  键  词：静电安全评估;三角白化权函数;灰色评估

中图分类号：TE88            文献标识码： A     文章编号： 1671-0460（2020）04-0738-05

Abstract： Electrostatic safety of oil depot is one of the keys of safety protection in oil industry， and its estimation is a complex and fuzzy problem. Based on the actual working conditions of oil depots， 12 factors were selected to establish the electrostatic safety evaluation index system in terms of personnel control， prevention of static electricity generation and prevention of static electricity accumulation， and a grey cluster evaluation model for oil depots based on central point triangle whiten weight function was put forward. The validity of the model was tested by an example. This model can not only make reasonable and objective assessment of the electrostatic safety of oil depot， but also effectively find the weak link of electrostatic safety in oil depot and take the corresponding preventive measures to the relevant factors in order to improve the electrostatic safety of oil depot on the basis of establishing the multi-level evaluation index.

Key words： Electrostatic safety assessment; Triangle whiten weight function; Grey assessment

油庫是接收、储存、发放石油及其产品的企业和单位，是石油物流链中储存中转的基地。石油产品具有易燃易爆易挥发的特性，其在流动、过滤、晃动或喷溅等过程中无时无刻不在产生和积聚静止电荷，并且一般石油产品具有良好的绝缘特性，这一特点使得其在运输过程中容易造成静电荷积累。在这种情况下就能因静电放电作用而点燃油气，导致油库火灾和爆炸事故。据有关资料显示，由静电引发导致的火灾爆炸事故占油库系统事故总数目的12.1%[1]。在我国也曾多次发生此类事故，自1980年至2010年由静电引起的油库火灾爆炸事故发生了200余次[2]。……