黄熠泽 胡绍彬 孙铭泽

摘      要：蒸汽超覆和窜流使蒸汽低效或无效循环，严重影响蒸汽驱开采效果?寻找廉价有效的蒸汽转向剂成为改善稠油蒸汽驱中后期开采效果的迫切需求?通过文献分析可知，多孔介质中的低温氧化反应有利于稠油结焦生成沥青或焦炭沉积?因此，在优化的条件下向地层注入空气，使其与稠油就地发生反应，利用生成的沥青或焦炭沉积堵塞蒸汽超覆和窜流通道，迫使后续注入的蒸汽转向?提高蒸汽驱波及效率?为充分发挥将空气作为稠油蒸汽驱间接封堵转向剂的潜力，给稠油蒸汽驱中后期蒸汽深部转向调控提供技术支持，应深入开展稠油蒸汽驱汽窜通道中剩余稠油性质变化?剩余稠油氧化结焦反应特征?剩余稠油量及氧化反应条件与结焦量的关系、结焦量对多孔介质渗流特性的影响规律等方面的研究，优化空气注入时机、注入方式、注入量以及反应条件等相关参数?

关  键  词：稠油;注空气;蒸汽驱;氧化结焦反应;波及效率

中图分类号：TE39       文献标识码： A       文章编号： 1671-0460（2020）04-0664-05

Abstract： Steam overburdening and channeling lead the inefficient or ineffective steam cycle， which seriously affects the recovery effect of steam drive. To find a cheap and effective steam diverting agent is an important way to improve the recovery effect of heavy oil by steam flooding in the middle and late stage and is the urgent need of the oil field. Literature analysis shows that， the low-temperature oxidation reaction in the porous medium is beneficial to the coking of heavy oil to form asphalt or coke deposit. Thus， it is possible to use the asphalt or coke deposit， formed in the in-situ reaction between the heavy oil and the air injected under optimized condition， to plug the steam overburden and channeling channels， then to divert steam for improving steam flooding efficiency. In order to fully utilize the potential of the air as the indirect plugging agent of the heavy oil steam drive， to provide technical support for the deep fluid diverting during steam flooding in the middle and late stage， the properties and the oxidation coking reaction characteristics of the remaining heavy oil in the channeling channel， the relationship between the amount of remaining heavy oil， oxidation reaction condition and the amount of coke formed， the effect of amount of coke on the seepage behavior of the porous media should be studied， and the relative parameters of air injection time， injection mode and injection amount should be optimized.

Key words： Heavy oil; Air injection; Steam drive; Oxidation-coking reaction; Reservoir sweep efficiency

蒸汽超覆和窜流使蒸汽低效或无效循环，导致蒸汽驱波及范围小、热效率低，严重影响蒸汽驱开采效果?寻找廉价有效的蒸汽转向剂成为改善稠油蒸汽驱中后期开采效果的迫切需求?多介質辅助蒸汽驱技术是目前改善稠油蒸汽驱开采效果的一个研究热点?其中，注空气可以改善稠油蒸汽驱的效果已得到室内实验和现场试验的……