张继红 李鑫

摘      要： 在碱、聚合物和表面活性剂的协同作用下，三元复合驱驱替效果显著提升，对各类剩余油的动用效果也明显增强。通过室内微观驱替实验，使用一种弱碱三元复合驱体系对水驱后形成的簇状、柱状、盲端状、油滴状和膜状5类剩余油类型进行驱替机理分析。研究表明：在三元复合驱体系内，碱有利于生成具有表面活性剂性质的物质、溶解界面膜、改变岩石润湿性、充当“牺牲剂”;表面活性剂可以改变油水界面张力、改变岩石浸润性;聚合物起到降低驱替剂与原油的流度比、增大驱替剂黏度、增大驱替压力的作用。在该体系的作用下，水驱后难以被动用的剩余油驱替效果显著提升。

关  键  词：三元复合驱;剩余油类型;驱替机理;光刻玻璃模型;协同作用

中图分类号：TE327      文献标识码： A       文章编号： 1671-0460（2020）04-0645-04

Abstract： Under the synergistic action of alkali， polymer and surfactant， the displacement effect of ASP flooding is significantly improved， and the utilization effect of various remaining oil is also significantly enhanced. In this paper， a weak alkali ASP flooding system was used to analyze the displacement mechanism of five types of residual oil formed after water flooding through laboratory micro-displacement experiments. The results showed that，in the three component flooding system， alkali as "sacrificial agent" was beneficial to the formation of substances with surfactant properties to dissolve the interfacial film and change the rock wettability; surfactant changed the interfacial tension of oil and water and changed the wettability of rock; polymer reduced the mobility ratio of displacing agent to crude oil， increased the viscosity of displacement agent and increased the displacement pressure. Under the action of this system， the displacement effect of residual oil which is difficult to be used after water flooding is significantly improved.

Key words： ASP flooding; Remaining oil type; Displacement mechanism; Photolithographic glass model; Synergistic effect

低滲透油藏是我国油气藏类型中最典型的形式，针对低渗透油田的开发研究具有重要意义。由于低渗透油田渗透率低、储能丰度差，经过长期的注水开发后，地层中尚有大量的剩余油难以开发。针对机理及效果具有极大的应用价值。本文通过利用微观驱替系统和光刻玻璃模型对一种三元复合驱替体系针对不同剩余油类型的驱替效果进行分析，可以验证三元复合驱替体系的作用机理及驱油效果，并为实际应用提供理论依据。

1  三元复合驱驱替体系作用机理

三元复合驱是指碱、表面活性剂与聚合物的混合驱替体系。这三种驱替体系如果在配伍条件下联合使用，则在功能和作用机理上优势互补从而达到最佳的驱油效果[1-3]。……