验证嗜热厌氧消化中食材废物固体含量对沼气发生性能的影响
2020-08-24王颢頔陆健刚
王颢頔 陆健刚



摘 要: 厌氧消化是将废物再利用的主要途径,也是制得沼气的主要途径之一。以番茄茎叶和土豆为原材料探究了该两者混合时厌氧产气量及累计产甲烷量,先按2∶1、1∶1、1∶2及1∶3共进行了4组试验,随后为探究不同pH下食物发酵的性能,继续设计了4组试验,分别用泵导入调节好pH的纯净水(pH分别为3、5、7、9)。结果表明:当番茄茎叶∶土豆为1∶3时日产气量及累计产甲烷量均好于其他配合比;在4组pH试验中,当pH为7时,装置内日产气量最多;pH为5时,累计产甲烷量最大。
关 键 词:厌氧发酵;pH;产气量;甲烷
中图分类号:S216.4 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1671-0460(2020)04-0537-04
Abstract: Anaerobic digestion is the main way to recycle waste, and it is also one of the main ways to produce biogas. In this paper, tomato stems and leaves and potatoes were used as raw materials to explore the anaerobic gas production and cumulative methanogenesis of the two foods. Four groups of experiments were carried out according to 2∶1, 1∶1, 1∶2 and 1∶3. When the tomato stems and leaves∶potatoes was 1∶3, the daily gas production and cumulative methanogenesis were better than other mixture ratios. Subsequently, in order to explore the performance of food fermentation under different pH, four sets of experiments were designed by using pumps to introduce pH-adjusting purified water (pH=3, 5, 7, 9 respectively). The results showed that,when the pH was 7, the daily gas production in the device was the most; when the pH was 5, the cumulative total methane production was the most.
Key words: Anaerobic fermentation; pH; Gas production; Methane
随着世界全球化以及我国人口数量的快速增长,能源问题一直是制约我国经济快速增长的主要因素之一。我国目前主要能源有煤炭、石油、天然气等,据报道,70%以上的能源供应主要来自煤炭,然而煤炭是不可再生能源,随着煤炭的逐步开采,其总量也在逐步减小,而石油亦是如此。且燃煤以及石油均会排放大量烟气造成空气污染,开采过程中也会污染地下水造成水环境的污染,因此寻求更高效清洁的能源显得尤为迫切。可再生能源具有易得、清洁、污染小、种类丰富多样等特点而具有较大的挖掘潜力及价值,随着我国新农村建设的逐步推进,很多地方陆续使用上了沼气,沼气是可再生能源中的一种,沼气是生物转化过程中最容易得的气体之一,并且自然界中所有可发酵的物质均可作为原料生产沼气,一方面实现了资源的再利用减小了环境污染,另一方面又制得了清洁的能源,因此沼气的制作一直是研究的热点。……
