赵筠康 魏作安 杨永浩 路停 庄孙宁

摘 要：将尾矿作为资源进行综合开发利用已成为当今热点课题之一，应用响应曲面法，研究了利用金矿尾矿制备烧结砖的烧制工艺中，粘土掺量、烧结温度、保温时间和成型水分对金尾矿烧结砖抗压强度的影响，对金矿尾矿烧结砖的烧制工艺进行了优化研究，建立了烧结砖抗压强度响应曲面模型。通过显著性分析、方差分析及响应曲面图形的综合分析验证了模型的可靠性。确定烧结砖的最佳烧制工艺参数为：粘土掺量35%，烧结温度1 030 ℃，保温时间105 min，成型水分25%.结果表明：在最佳烧制工艺下，室内烧制的烧结砖抗压强度为22.48 MPa，理论预测的抗压强度22.45 MPa，烧结砖抗压强度的试验值与理论值基本一致。研究成果既符合国家倡导的节能减排、发展循环经济的政策和生态环保政策，又能为金矿尾矿的综合利用提供一条有效可行的途径。关键词：金矿尾矿;烧结砖;烧制工艺;响应曲面法中图分类号：TD 982

文献标志码：A

文章编号：1672-9315（2020）06-0960-07

DOI：10.13800/j.cnki.xakjdxxb.2020.0604开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Sintering process of  tailings fired brick  based on

response surface methodology

ZHAO Jun-kang1，2，WEI Zuo-an1，2，YANG Yong-hao1，2，LU Ting1，2，ZHUANG Sun-ning1，2

（1.State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control，Chongqing University，Chongqing 400044，China;

2.School of Resources and Safety Engineering，Chongqing University，Chongqing 400044，China）Abstract：Importance has been attached to the comprehensive development and utilization of gold tailings as a resource，the effect of clay content，sintering temperature，holding time and forming moisture on the compressive strength of sintered brick made from gold tailings was studied by response surface method.The burning process of sintered bricks in gold mine tailings was analyzed using the response surface method.The model of sintered brick anti-pressure strength response surface is established，whose reliability  is verified by the comprehensive analysis of significance analysis，variance analysis and response surface graphics.It is pointed that the best burning parameters of sintered brick are 35% of clay doping，sintering greenhouse of 1 030 ℃，insulation time of 105 minutes，25% of forming water.The results show that the compressive strength of the sintered brick is 22.48  MPa，and the predicted compressive strength is 22.45 MPa.The experimental value of the compressive strength of the sintered brick is basically the same as its theoretical value.The research results not only conform to the policies of energy saving and emission reduction，circular economy development and ecological environmental protection advocated by the state，but also provide an effectively feasible way for comprehensive utilization of gold mine tailings.

Key words：gold tailings;sintered bricks;calcination process;response surface methodology

0 引 言

金礦尾矿是金矿石经选矿后产生的固体废弃物，根据不完全统计，全国金矿尾矿堆存量近2.7亿t，而且黄金矿山每年排放的尾矿已经超过2 450万t[1-2]。大量的金矿尾矿作为固体废弃物堆置于尾矿库中，不仅占用了大量土地[3]，污染库区环境[4]，还会引起一系列的安全问题。在一次性资源日趋枯竭的今天，把金矿尾矿作为资源进行综合开发利用已成为热点课题之一。

到目前为止，尾矿作为主要原料已成功应用于烧结砖、水泥添加剂、混凝土制品、空心砌块、微晶玻璃等建筑材料的生产中[5-8]。……