邱呈东 姚运佳 李林柱 余四堂

摘要：研究探索一种驳岸斜坡式生物接触氧化系统在农村生活污水处理中的应用前景。依据一种驳岸斜坡式生物接触氧化系统原理，提出一套农村生活污水处理系统。将生活污水经污水管网收集进入收集池中，再通过提升电泵将生活污水提升至一级溢流堰，经一级溢流堰让污水均匀流入多级斜坡式生物接触氧化设施，污水经多级斜坡式生物接触氧化设施处理后流入二级溢流堰，通过二级溢流堰将一部分污水回流到收集池中，另一部分污水排入人工湿地中，通过人工湿地中水生植物的生长来吸收污水中的氮、磷等营养物质，最后将处理后污水排入外环境。研究结果可以为农村生活污水处理提供一个全新的研究方向。

关键词：一种驳岸斜坡式生物接触氧化系统;农村生活污水处理;运行成本;运行管理

Abstract：The purpose of this study is to explore the application prospect of a slope biological contact oxidation system in the field of rural domestic sewage treatment.Based on the principle of a slope biological contact oxidation system， a set of rural domestic sewage treatment system is proposed. The domestic sewage was collected into the collection pool through the sewage conduit， and then lifted to the first level overflow weir through the electric pump. Next， the sewage flows into the multi-level slope type biological contact oxidation facility evenly through the first level overflow weir. After the sewage is treated by the multi-level slope type biological contact oxidation facility， it flows into the second level overflow weir. Through the second level overflow weir， part of the sewage flows back to the collection pool， another part of the sewage is discharged into the constructed wetland， and the nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus are absorbed by the aquatic plants in the constructed wetland. Finally， the treated sewage is discharged into the external environment.The results of this study can provide a new research direction for the study of rural domestic sewage treatment.

Key words：A slope biological contact oxidation system;Rural domestic sewage treatment;Running cost;Operation management

黨的十九大报告提出了乡村振兴战略，并要求统筹推进农村生态文明建设，农村生态环境整治工作随之提上日程，而农村生活污水的治理作为其中一项重点工作，使得农村生活污水处理方面的研究也成为当下的一个热点。

1 农村生活污水的来源及特点

（1）农村生活污水来源：主要来源于淘米、洗菜、洗衣、沐浴、拖洗、冲厕废水等[2-4];（2）农村生活污水水质特点：COD、BOD浓度较高，可生化性较强;含有人畜粪便，氮磷含量较高;悬浮物较高;水质不稳定，不同时段差异大;（3）农村生活污水水量特点：水量较小;水量不稳定，不同时段差异大，有明显高峰期。……