苏惠　李树德　尹凤琼　杨建宇

摘要：糖尿病是临床上影响人类健康的主要疾病之一，主要包括1型和2型糖尿病，其中胰岛素抵抗诱导的2型糖尿病占主导。在糖尿病的进展过程中往往伴随肾脏、心脏、肝脏、神经系统等组织器官的损伤。因此，降低血糖防止并发症的发生和发展是治疗糖尿病的重要手段。人参皂苷Rg1作为中国传统中药材人参和三七中的主要活性成分，具有抗炎症、抗氧化、抗凋亡、脂质调节和降低血糖等作用，目前，已经有文献报道，人参皂苷Rg1对糖尿病导致的心肌病、肾病、脂肪肝等具有一定的缓解作用，本文就人参皂苷Rg1在糖尿病并发症中的作用进行综述，为进一步促进人参和三七及其提取物的开发和利用提供科學的理论依据。

关键词：人参皂苷Rg1;糖尿病;并发症

中图分类号：R587文献标志码：A文章编号：1007-2349（2020）04-0089-05

Research Progress of Ginsenoside Rg1 in Relieving Diabetic Complications

SU Hui1，LI Shu-de1，YIN Feng-qiong2，YANG Jian-yu1

（1. School of Basic Medicine，Kunming Medical University，Kunming 650500，China;2. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University，Kunming 650500，China）

【Abstract】Diabetes is one of the main clinical diseases that affect human health，mainly including diabetes type 1 and type 2，of which type 2 diabetes induced by insulin resistance is dominant. In the progress of diabetes，patients are often accompanied by damage to their kidneys，heart，liver，nervous system and other tissues and organs. Therefore，the reduction of blood sugar to prevent the occurrence and development of complications is an important means of treating diabetes. Ginsenoside Rg1，as the main active ingredient of Ginseng and Panax notoginseng in traditional Chinese herbal medicine，has the effects of anti-inflammatory，anti-oxidation，anti-apoptosis，lipid regulation and blood sugar lowering. At present there have been reports in the literature that Ginsenoside Rg1 has a certain relief effect on cardiomyopathy，nephropathy and fatty liver resulting from diabetes. This paper reviews the role of Ginsenoside Rg1 in diabetic complications and provides a scientific theory for the further development and utilization of Ginseng and Panax notoginseng.

【Key words】Ginsenoside Rg1，diabetes，complications

糖尿病（Diabetic mellitus，DM）是继肿瘤和心血管疾病之后第三大威胁人类健康的慢性疾病，其发病率在全球范围内持续升高，2017年糖尿病患者已达到4.51亿左右，预计到2045年其发病率将增加到6.93亿[1]。在糖尿病中，主要包括1型和2型糖尿病，其中2型糖尿病占比全球人口的6.28%[2]。糖尿病晚期伴随的心脏、肾脏、中枢神经和外周神经等重要脏器的损伤成为主要的并发症[3]，这些并发症往往成为该疾病死亡的主要原因之一。对糖尿病及并发症发生和发展的机制尚不完全清楚，针对其相关的治疗有待进一步探讨。

人参和三七是中国传统中药材，人参皂苷Rg1（Ginsenoside Rg1）作为其有效单体活性成分之一，具有广泛的药理学活性[4]。……