鲍诗度 陈文懿

摘  要： 针对传统城市公共环境系统设计过程中效果差、建模等问题，提出基于虚拟现实技术的城市公共环境设计系统。首先，对虚拟现实技术的系统设计技术进行分析，主要包括几何特征、三维模型、对象几何模型、自动三维建模和立体显示技术等;之后，通过CAD和3ds MAX软件设计基于虚拟现实技术的城市公共环境系统，实现建筑物单体精确建模与场景合并。通过相应比例将城市数据信息融合到虚拟空间坐标系中，从而设计虚拟场景，并且给出城市环境虚拟三维模型。在三维模型创建后，设计人机交互功能和仿真模块，实现交互漫游、自动漫游、自主漫游、实时导航和信息查询。最后，对系统使用的效果进行分析，对比规划方案。表示所设计的城市公共环境系统能够满足实际使用需求，充分展现主要地段建筑物、城市地形地貌和三维轮廓。

关键词： 公共环境设计; 系统设计; 虚拟现实技术; 三维建模; 数据融合; 仿真实验

Abstract： An urban public environment design system based on virtual reality technology is proposed due to the poor effect and needs to solid modeling in the process of traditional urban public environment system design. The system design technology of virtual reality technology is analyzed， including geometric features， 3D model， object geometric model， automatic 3D modeling and 3D display technology and so on. The urban public environment system based on virtual reality technology is designed by means of CAD and 3ds MAX software， and the combination of the precise modeling and scene of single building is realized. The urban data information is integrated into the virtual space coordinate system through the corresponding proportion to design the virtual scene and give the virtual 3D model of urban environment. After the 3D model is created， the road space scene is designed with human?computer interaction function and simulation module to realize interactive roaming， automatic roaming， autonomous roaming， real?time navigation and information query. The using effect of the system is analyzed and the planning scheme is compared. It indicates that the designed urban public environment system can meet the actual needs， and fully display the buildings， urban topography and 3D corridor in the main sections.

Keywords： public environment design; system design; virtual reality technology; 3D modeling; data fusion; simulation experiment

0  引  言

在中国经济不断发展的过程中，人口城市化为不可逆转的趋势。城市市容与市民生活质量和公共环境、道路网络、建筑物外观等设计方案具有密切关系，从而使城市规划和人们生活具有密切关系。其本质是城市发展过程中人们为了维持良好公共环境与秩序，对于生活空间要素的整体考虑、处理和设计，使未来空间安排需求得到满足。所以，通过直观且便于理解的方式充分呈现此意志，对于城市规划方案评估与设计具有重要意义。……