周艺 李洪菲 郭建军 任欢 汪群豪 陈晓青

【摘 要】 目的：选取25种黔地中药材，研究其70%乙醇提取物对临床常见致病菌的体外抑菌活性。方法：中药粗粉用70%乙醇回流提取，通过纸锭琼脂扩散法测定提取物的抑菌圈，微量倍比稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）。结果：25种黔产中药材醇提物中，有15种中药材对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均表现出不同程度的抑菌效果。其中，黄连、夏枯草、大黄、鱼腥草、金钱草等5种中药材对两种病原菌的抗菌活性较为突出，抑菌圈d≥20 mm;对两种病原菌的最低抑菌浓度范围在7.82～31.25 mg/mL之间;对两种病原菌的最低杀菌浓度范围在15.625 ～62.50 mg/mL之间。结论：首次筛选出的5种抗菌活性较强的黔产中药材，可为抗耐药性的中药抑菌剂和抑菌日化产品的开发提供一定的科学依据。

【关键词】 黔产中药材;金黄色葡萄球菌;大肠杆菌;最低抑菌浓度;最低杀菌浓度

【中图分类号】R285.5   【文献标志码】 A    【文章编号】1007-8517（2020）9-0032-07

Screening of antibacterial activity in vitro of 25 kinds of Chinese medicinal materials from guizhou

ZHOU Yi1 LI Hongfei3 GUO Jianjun2，3* REN Huan3 WANG Qunhao3 CHEN Xiaoqing4

1.High School， Anshun University，Anshun 561000，China;

2. College of Biotechnology，Jiangsu University of Science and Technology，Zhenjiang 212000，China;

3.College of Agriculture，Anshun University，Anshun 561000，China;

4.Chongqing Youliang Health Management Co.， Ltd，Chongqing 400000，China

Abstract：Object Selecte 25 kinds of traditional Chinese medicinal materials from guizhou， to study the antibacterial activity of 70% ethanolextract on common clinical pathogenic bacteria in vitro.Methods The traditional Chinese medicine powder was extracted by refluxing with 70% ethanol， and the bacteriostatic circle of the extract was measured by paper ingot AGAR diffusion method， and the minimum bacteriostaticconcentration （MIC） and the minimum bactericidal concentration （MBC） were determined bythe microfold dilution method. ResultsAmong the 25 kinds of alcohol extracts of guizhou traditional Chinese medicinal materials， 15 showed different degrees of bacteriostatic effects on n S. aureus and E. coli. Among them， Coptis chinensis Franch， Prunella vulgaris L， Rheum officinale Baill， Houttuynia cordata Thunb， Lysimachia christinae Hance have prominent antibacterial activities against the two pathogenic bacteria， with a bacteriostatic circle d ≥ 20 mm; The MIC of the two pathogens ranged from 7.82 mg/mL to 31.25 mg/mL. The MBC of the two pathogens ranged from 15.625 mg/mL to 62.50 mg/mL. Conclusion  Five kinds of guizhou Chinese medicinal materialswith strong antibacterial activity were screenedout， which provided certain scientific basis for the development of traditional Chinese medicine bacteriostatic agent and bacteriostatic daily chemical products.

Keywords：Chinese medicinal materials in guizhou;S.aureus; E. coli;MIC; MBC

大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli， EC）和金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus， SA）现已成为世界上医院内常见的致病菌，被列为世界范围内最难解决的感染病菌之一[1-2]。大肠杆菌是哺乳动物小肠内的共生菌且广泛存在于生物体中。在人类中，大肠杆菌对肠道的感染部位分為肠外和肠内，主要通过被污染的食物经摄食进入体内而致病，引起急性腹泻、血压骤降以及人体脱水，肠道外感染会引发器官化脓等[3]。金黄色葡萄球菌是人类化脓感染中最常见的病原菌，它可以使生物体内的器官局部化脓感染，严重的会引起肺炎、心包炎、肠炎和败血症等[4]。……