李霞

[摘要] 目的 分析血常規检验在贫血鉴别诊断中的临床应用。方法 方便选择2017年1月—2019年7月期间该院收治的贫血患者，抽选56例，根据其贫血类型将其分为两组（A组和B组），并选取同时期在该院进行体检的健康者28名作为参照组，观察并对比3组体检者的血常规检验结果。结果 通过分析3组受检者血常规检验结果可知，通过分析3组受检者血常规检验结果可知，参照组受检者与A组患者在红细胞、平均红细胞血红蛋白量和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度方面的数据[（4.22±0.58）×1012、（37.34±3.39）pg、（346.16±6.07）%与（4.09±0.49）×1012、（39.08±3.91）pg、（343.23±4.24）%]均显著高于B组患者的各项数据[（3.18±0.41）×1012、（25.01±3.37）pg、（288.61±10.14）%]，其对比差异有统计学意义（t=7.742、13.649、25.768、7.537、14.423、22.120，P=0.000、0.000、0.000、0.000、0.000、0.000）;参照组受检者血红蛋白指数为（129.06±3.68）g/L，明显高于A组与B组患者的（85.11±7.99）g/L和（102.02±10.99）g/L，差异有统计学意义（t=26.437， 12.346，P=0.000、0.000）;且B组患者其指数（102.02±10.99）g/L明显高于A组患者（85.11±7.99）g/L，差异有统计学意义（t=6.585，P=0.000）;同时，参照组受检者红细胞分布宽度指标（14.05±1.09）%明显低于A组患者（21.07±7.96）%与B组患者（17.03±7.69）%，差异有统计学意义（t=4.623、2.030，P=0.000、0.047）;此外，参照组受检者（91.16±7.89）fL与B组患者（79.13±6.88）fL红细胞平均体积数值明显低于A组患者（100.09±6.76）fL，差异有统计学意义（t=4.548、11.499，P=0.000、0.000）;且参照组受检者（91.16±7.89）fL数值明显高于B组患者（79.13±6.88）fL，差异有统计学意义（t=6.081，P=0.000）。结论 血常规检验方式可有效鉴别受检者贫血情况和贫血类型，能够为临床诊治提供准确且科学的参考依据，具有显著的临床应用价值。

[关键词] 血常规检验;贫血;鉴别诊断;受检者

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the clinical application of routine blood tests in the differential diagnosis of anemia. Methods A total of 56 patients with anemia treated in the hospital from January 2017 to July 2019 were convenient selected， and 56 patients were selected according to the type of anemia. They were divided into two groups （groups A and B）， and selected at the same time in our hospital. Twenty-eight healthy people who underwent physical examination were used as a reference group， and the blood test results of the three groups of physical examination were observed and compared. Results By analyzing the results of the routine blood tests of the three groups of subjects， we can know that by analyzing the results of the blood routine tests of the three groups of subjects， the reference group of subjects and the patients in the group A have regard to the red blood cells， the average red blood cell hemoglobin amount， and the average red blood cell hemoglobin concentration： [（4.22±0.58）×1012， （37.34±3.39） pg， （346.16±6.07）% and （4.09±0.49）×1012， （39.08±3.91） pg， （343.23±4.24）%]， significantly higher than the data of patients in group B [（3.18±0.41）×1012， （25.01±3.37） pg， （288.61±10.14）%]， the contrast difference was statistically significantly different （t=7.742，13.649，25.768，7.537，14.423，22.120，P=0.000，0.000，0.000，0.000， 0.000，0.000）; the hemoglobin index of the subjects in the reference group was （129.06±3.68） g / L， significantly higher than （85.11±7.99）g/L and （102.02±10.99）g/L in patients in group A and group B， with statistically significant differences （t=26.437， 12.346，P=0.000，0.000）; and the index of group B patients （102.02±10.99）g/L is significantly higher than that of group A patients （85.11±7.99）g/L， the difference was significant （t=6.585，P=0.000） At the same time， the red blood cell distribution width index （14.05±1.09）% of the subjects in the reference group was significantly lower than that in group A （21.07±7.96）% and group B patients （17.03±7.69）%. The difference was statistically significant （t=4.623， 2.030，P=0.000，0.047）; In addition， the reference group subjects （91.16±7.89） fL and group B patients （79.13±6.88） fL red blood cell volume values were significantly lower than those in group A （100.09±6.76） fL， the difference was statistically significant （t=4.548，11.499，P=0.000，0.000）; and the value of the reference group subjects （91.16±7.89） fL was significantly higher than that of the group B patients （79.13±6.88） fL（t=6.081，P=0.000）. Conclusion The routine blood test method can effectively identify the anemia and the type of anemia in the subject， and can provide accurate and scientific reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment， and has significant clinical application value.

[Key words] Routine blood test; Anemia; Differential diagnosis; Testee

贫血是临床上一种较为常见的血液性疾病，具有较高的发病率，其临床表现主要为人体外周血红细胞的数量减少[1];贫血的临床症状具有隐匿性，因此在临床诊治上极易被忽视，而随着病情的迁延，会对患者身体健康造成不良影响，致使患者生活质量下降，所以，加强对贫血的鉴别可为临床诊治提供参考性的诊断依据[2]。……