黄春琼 陈振 崔蓉菁 刘国道 王文强

摘  要：铝胁迫处理下营养元素的吸收、运输和分布是铝毒害的基础。采用水培法研究狗牙根种质资源在铝胁迫处理下对铝的吸收和运输，以及铝胁迫对氮、磷、钾、钙等元素的吸收和运输的影响。结果表明：铝胁迫处理显著增加了狗牙根植株体内的铝含量，且铝主要集中在根系;铝胁迫处理抑制了狗牙根对N、P、K、Ca的吸收，地上部分N、P、K、Ca的含量平均减少了25.00%、33.67%、29.29%、25.82%，根系N、P、K、Ca的含量平均减少了28.69%、14.58%、26.28%、27.07%。这说明铝胁迫后，P、K主要分布在根系，向地上部分的运输减少;铝胁迫后可以转运更多的Ca到地上部。

关键词：狗牙根;铝胁迫;营养元素;吸收运输中图分类号：S32      文献标识码：A

The Effect of Aluminum Stress on Nutrient Absorption inCynodon dactylonAccessions

HUANG Chunqiong， CHEN Zhen， CUI Rongjing， LIU Guodao， WANG Wenqiang^*

Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China， Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs， Haikou， Hainan 571101， China

Abstract： The absorption， transportation and distribution of nutrients in plants under aluminum stress are the basis of Al toxicity. In this study， the effects of aluminum stress on the absorption and transportation of the aluminum， total nitrogen， total phosphorus， potassium， calcium were studied inCynodon dactylon by the water culture method. The results showed that the Al content in C. dactylon was increased under aluminum stress， and the Al content mainly manilyaccumulated in roots. The absorption of the total nitrogen， total phosphorus， potassium， calcium under aluminum stress was inhibited inC. dactylon.The content of N， P， Ca and K of the overground part decreased averagely by 25.00%， 33.67%， 29.29% and 25.82%， the content of N， P， Ca and K of roots decreased averagely by 28.69%， 14.58%， 26.28%， 27.07%. The results revealed that the P and K were mainly distributed in roots， and those transported to the overground part were decreased. More Ca was transported to the overground part under aluminum stress.

Keywords： Cynodon dactylon; aluminum stress; nutrients element; absorption and transportaion

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.06.004

土壤酸化是世界范围内普遍存在的、严重影响农业生产的一大问题。随着酸性物质沉降的越发严重以及对酸性肥料的大量使用，土壤中钾、钙、镁等营养物质逐渐被淋失^[1-2]，造成土壤养分有效性降低，土壤质量下降。土壤酸化时，pH降低，难溶性的铝变成可溶性铝，土壤中的铝溶出量逐渐增多，可溶性铝占单核无机铝的比例增加，从而对植物产生毒害^[3]。同时，酸化使土壤中的镉、汞、铅等重金属元素的活性增加，因而对植物产生毒害^[4-6]。鋁毒害已成为酸性土壤中抑制植物生长和导致作物减产的主要因素之一^[7]，其主要作用机制就是严重影响植物对养分的吸收以及运输，从而导致植物体内营养元素亏缺或失衡^[8]。铝胁迫下，植物叶绿体膜会受到破坏，叶绿素合成减少，光合速率明显降低^[9]。……