齿面磨损数值仿真方法综述
2020-07-08吴淼杰韩旭陶友瑞
吴淼杰 韩旭 陶友瑞



摘要 齿轮是机械传动中的重要基础元件,在航空航天、轨道交通、工程机械与精密仪器等领域有广泛应用,齿面磨损是齿轮的主要失效形式。首先,按照不同的磨损机理,分别综述了齿面黏着磨损和齿面疲劳磨损的数值建模研究,总结了磨损模型的4个发展阶段。其次,阐述了考虑系统动态响应、多种润滑状态及微观形貌演变的齿面磨损仿真研究,简述了国内外学者在该领域中的研究成果与存在的问题。最后,总结了齿面磨损数值仿真领域值得深入探索的问题,并对该领域的发展方向进行了展望。
关 键 词 齿轮传动;磨损预测;数值仿真;磨损模型;齿面磨损
中图分类号 TH132.4 文献标志码 A
An overview of numerical simulation methods for tooth wear
WU Miaojie1, HAN Xu1,2, TAO Yourui2
(1. College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China)
Abstract Gear is an important component in mechanical transmission, which is widely used in aerospace, rail transit, engineering machinery and precision instruments, etc.. The main failure form of gear is tooth surface wear. First of all, according to different wear mechanisms, the numerical modeling research of adhesive wear and fatigue wear of tooth surface is summarized, and the four development stages of wear model are also summarized. Secondly, the simulation research of tooth surface wear considering the dynamic response of the system, various lubrication states and micro morphology evolution is discussed, and the research results and existing problems of domestic and foreign scholars are described. Finally, the problems that are worthy of further exploration of numerical simulation of tooth wear are summarized, and its development direction is presented.
Key words gear transmission; wear prediction; numerical simulation; wear model; tooth surface wear
0 引言
齒轮具有传动精确、效率高、结构紧凑等特点,被广泛用于航空航天[1]、轨道交通[2]、工程机械[3]、精密仪器[4]等诸多领域,是传统机械中的重要基础元件。据统计,传动机械中约80%的故障是由齿轮失效引起的,约1/3~1/2的工业能源损耗是由摩擦磨损造成的,随着我国齿轮行业生产规模的不断扩大,由齿轮磨损造成的经济损失问题也愈发凸显,对齿面磨损问题开展研究具有重大的社会效益和经济效益。齿面磨损是一个齿面材料不断损失的连续过程,贯穿齿轮的整个服役周期,大致分为磨合阶段、稳定磨损阶段和剧烈磨损阶段。虽然齿轮的磨合过程能提高传动性能,但过度的齿面磨损会增大传递误差使传动精度降低,直接影响机械系统的服役寿命和工作可靠性[5]。……
