APP下载

冬瓜风味水的提取及不同工艺的杀菌特性

2020-07-08于立志刘奇琳陈艳刘金莲

中国瓜菜 2020年6期

于立志 刘奇琳 陈艳 刘金莲

摘 要: 为减少冬瓜深加工過程中水分流失,提高冬瓜综合利用率,以冬瓜为主要原料,采用正交试验设计优化了冬瓜风味水的提取工艺,并探讨了巴氏杀菌和超声杀菌处理对冬瓜风味水在贮藏过程中品质的影响和杀菌效果。结果表明,冬瓜风味水最佳提取工艺参数为:抗坏血酸添加量0.08%,提取时间70 min,提取温度55 ℃;相较于巴氏杀菌,超声杀菌处理后冬瓜风味水在短期贮藏过程中pH值、耗氧量波动较小,且贮藏16 d内未检出大肠菌群,是冬瓜风味水较为理想的杀菌方式。研究结果有助于提高冬瓜综合利用率,减少资源浪费,同时为其他果蔬风味水的开发提供参考。

关键词: 冬瓜;风味水;工艺优化;巴氏杀菌;超声波杀菌;品质

中图分类号:S642.3    文献标志码:A    文章编号:1673-2871(2020)06-041-05

Abstract: To reduce the water loss and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of wax gourd in its deep processing, the extraction technology of the flavor water of wax gourd was optimized by orthogonal test design, and the effects of pasteurization and ultrasonic treatment on the quality and sterilization of the flavor water of wax gourd during storage were discussed. The results showed that the best extraction process parameters were as follows: ascorbic acid 0.08%, extraction time 70 min, extraction temperature 55 ℃. Compared with pasteurization, the pH value and oxygen consumption of the flavor water after ultrasonic treatment fluctuated less in the short-term storage process, and the coliform group was not detected, which was an ideal way of sterilization. The results can help to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of wax gourd, avoid the waste of resources, and provide reference for the development of other fruit and vegetable flavor water.

Key words: Wax gourd; Flavor water; Process optimization; Pasteurization; Ultrasound sterilization; Quality

冬瓜(Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.)属1年生草本植物,营养丰富,产量高,耐贮藏,是一种重要的蔬菜作物,在我国南北方均有大量种植[1]。目前,冬瓜除直接食用外,还可被加工成冬瓜酱、果脯、干制品等[2-5]。新鲜冬瓜含水量高达97%[6],这部分水是冬瓜生长过程中通过根茎吸收,生物膜系统过滤、除杂,并为冬瓜细胞利用,由细胞信号确定的安全性较高的自由水,它含有一定的营养成分、天然的冬瓜特征风味和较高的生物活性,更易被人体吸收利用[7]。当前冬瓜加工制品,特别是在干制品和冬瓜酱加工过程中,其本身所含的大量水分基本都在浓缩和干制工艺中损失,造成资源浪费[8-9]。

开发高品质、可饮用的冬瓜风味水既契合现代消费者对天然健康饮食的需求,又能减少资源浪费,是提高冬瓜综合利用率的一个重要途径。……

登录APP查看全文