单轴压缩测试条件下泥岩的力学特性综述
2020-07-07曹磊
曹磊



摘 要:本文简要介绍泥岩力学特性指标及其在实际中的研究方法,通过对前人在不同地区、不同条件下对泥岩进行的单轴压缩测试所得到的应力-应变曲线进行对比,总结出典型泥岩应力-应变曲线的总体特征。通过不同形式的泥岩单轴压缩测试对比归纳,总结出泥岩力学特性的主要影响因素,包括矿物组成(成分、含量和结构)、水(含水率和浸水时间)、pH、温度,并对各影响因素及之间的关系进行简单分析。
关键词:泥岩;单轴压缩测试;力学特性;应力-应变曲线;影响因素
中图分类号:TD313文献标识码:A文章编号:1003-5168(2020)14-0135-06
A Review of the Mechanical Properties of Mudstone Under Uniaxial Compression Tests
CAO Lei
(Hebei Geological Workers University,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050081)
Abstract: The mechanical properties of mudstone and its practical research methods was briefly introduced in this paper, and the overall characteristics of typical mudstone stress-strain curves were summarized by comparing the stress-strain curves obtained by the previous uniaxial compression tests on mudstones in different regions and under different conditions. Through the comparison of different forms of mudstone uniaxial compression test, the main influencing factors of mudstone mechanical properties were summarized, including mineral composition (composition, content and structure), water (water content and immersion time), pH, temperature, and the influencing factors and the relationship between them were simply analyzed.
Keywords: mudstone;uniaxial compression test;mechanical properties;stress-strain curve;influencing factors
黏土巖类是地球分布面积最广的沉积岩,约占沉积岩总量的60%[1],而泥岩是黏土岩类的代表性岩石。在我国,泥岩层在沉积岩发育区域中广泛存在,如扬子地台、华北地台、塔里木盆地、松辽盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地等[2-5]。
泥岩常因含有机质呈灰黑色、黑色,或含铁质而呈褐红色、棕红色;结构按粒度分泥质结构、含粉砂泥质结构、粉砂泥质结构、砂泥状结构等;无明显层理,无页理或不明显,常呈块状。泥岩主要由黏土矿物(高岭石、蒙脱石、伊利石等)构成,其次为陆源碎屑矿物(石英、长石、云母等)和少量自生非黏土矿物(方解石、白云石、石英、海绿石、石膏等)。泥岩由弱固结的黏土经过中等程度的成岩作用和后生作用(如压固、脱水、重结晶等)而强固结形成。不同地质年代、不同地区的泥岩组分差别较大。
泥岩层常出现在烃源岩和油气储集层的上盖层或……
