2018年7月6日玛曲局地暴雨天气过程分析
2020-07-06王成福罗王军
王成福 罗王军



摘要 2018年7月6日玛曲局地暴雨天气过程,中高纬度为两槽一脊环流形势,亚洲中低纬度受副热带高压控制,副热带高压比较强,甘南恰好处于副热带高压内部,受西南气流的影响,584 dagpm线西伸到青藏高原西部地区,青藏高原东部有低涡生成,巴湖槽东移到90° E附近时,槽后冷空气分裂南下进入低涡与低涡相结合形成北槽南涡形势,且低涡一直维持在高原东部,使河西中部到高原中部出现暴雨天气。这种形势下,过程以阵性天气开始,以非阵性天气结束,过程雨强不强,但持续时间较长。本次暴雨过程作为汛期暴雨的特殊典型,应当引起预报员的注意。
关键词 甘南高原;局地暴雨;低涡切变;甘肃玛曲;2018年7月6日
中图分类号 P458.121.1 文献标识码 A
文章编号 1007-5739(2020)12-0209-03 开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID)
Analysis of Local Rainstorm Weather Process in Maqu on July 6, 2018
WANG Cheng-fu LUO Wang-jun
(Meteorological Bureau of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu Province, Gannan Gansu 747000)
Abstract On July 6, 2018,the weather process of local rainstorm in Maqu was characterized by a circulation pattern of two troughs and a ridge in the mid-high latitudes. The mid-low latitudes in Asia were controlled by the subtropical high, and the subtropical high was strong. Gannan was just inside the subtropical high and was affected by the southwestern airflow, and the 584 dagpm line extended to the western part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and a low vortex was generated in the eastern part of the Tibetan Plateau. When the Bahu trough moved east to near 90° E, the cold air behind the trough split southward into a low vortex and combined with the low vortex to form a south vortex north trough, and the low vortex had been maintained in the east of the plateau, causing heavy rain in the middle of the Hexi to the middle of the plateau. In this situation, the process started with gusty weather and ended with non-stormy weather. The rain was not strong but the duration was longer. This torrential rain process was a special model of torrential rain in flood season, and should be brought to the attention of forecasters.
Key words Gannan plateau; local rainstorm; low vortex shear; Maqu Gannan; July 6, 2018
暴雨天氣是甘肃省甘南州地区的主要灾害性天气之一,其局地性强、落区较为分散,常伴有冰雹、大风等严重破坏性天气现象,预报难度较大。同时,覆盖范围广、持续时间长、强度大的暴雨常可造成洪涝灾害,给农业生产、交通运输、社会经济以及人民生命财产带来严重损害。
对暴雨过程的诊断分析和气象研究一直受到气象工作者的广泛关注,国内的众多研究也取得了许多有价值的成果[1-10]。甘肃暴雨天气主要出现在6—9月,其中7月的暴雨最多,其环流分为3种类型:副高西北侧西南气流型、西低东高型和低涡型[1]。邵建[2]利用1961年1月至2013年7月多种常规气象观测资料和NCEP逐日……
