陈晶晶

一、單项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）

1. The teaching of language is not________ throughout the country. There are variations among the different districts.

________________

A. constant B. uniform

C. steady D. systematic

2. Due to widespread________ of 5G technology， more remote surgical operations are likely to be carried out across long distances.

A. occupation B. composition

C. qualification D. application

3. —Mom， is it really necessary to remove those smaller weeds from the flowerbed？

—Yes， they are________ destructive to the flowers.

A. no less B. little more

C. not a bit D. not in the least

4. The best relationship is one， without doubt，________ your love for each other is greater than your need for each other.

A. that B. which

C. when D. where

5. Were it not for the fact that he________ his work， he________ enjoying himself by the seaside.

A. completed; wouldn't have been

B. had completed; wouldn't have been

C. has completed; wouldn't be

D. completes; wouldn't be

6. —How much do you charge for the iPhone？

—Well， it cost me $400， but I'll________ 20% as it's no longer new.

A. reduce to B. decrease to

C. knock off D. cut off

7. —Were all the villagers inspected for the suspected disease？

—No.________ only 10 people who were exposed to the animals infected by the virus.

A. There were B. There are

C. It were D. It was

8. The girl was then hit a second time by another van________ an elderly trash collector came to her aid， according to some witnesses.

A. before B. when

C. until D. after

9. It's the gap year before going to university________ students can make friends and work on meaningful projects________may help them understand college life better.

A. when;that B. where; that

C. when; which D. where; which

10. Bats are surprisingly longlived creatures， some________a life span of around 30 years.

A. have B. had

C. having D. will have

11. It was sad to me that they， so poor themselves，________ bring me food.

A. might B. should

C. would D. could

12. With the development of the intelligent robot technology， people________ the importance of cooperating among robots， and the challenge in practice.

A. have been noticed B. are noticing

C. will notice D. have noticed

13. The journalist echoed the villagers' doubt in the newspaper________ the tourist resorts would really benefit the local economy.

A. that B. if

C. whether D. when

14. —Something has come up. Could we make our appointment a little later？

— . I'll try to adjust my schedule to have time for it.

A. It couldn't be better

B. You have me there

C. It's up to you

D. If you like

15. —Sue slept overnight in front of the stadium in order to get concert tickets.

—That's what the proverb “ ” means.

A. every cloud has a silver lining

B. make hay while the sun shines

C. the early bird catches the worm

D. don't count your chickens before they hatch

二、完形填空（共20小題;每小题1分，满分20分）

Whenever Michael Carl， the fashion market director at Vanity Fair， goes out to dinner with friends， he plays something called the “phone stack” game： Everyone16  their phones in the middle of the table; whoever looks at their device before the check arrives17  the tab （账单）.

Brandon Holley， the former editor of Lucky magazine， had trouble18  her mobile phone when she got home from work. So about six months ago， she19  putting her phone into a milk tin the moment she walked in. It remained there until after dinner. And Marc Jacobs， the fashion designer， didn't20  to sleep close to a beeping gadget. So he21  digital devices from his bedroom—a house rule he22with audiences during a recent screening of Disconnect， a film that shows how technology has alienated （使疏远） people from one another.

As smartphones23  to make their way into our lives， and wearable devices like Google Glass24  to destroy our personal space even further， overtaxed users are carving out their own devicefree zones. Whether it's a physical25  （no iPads at the dinner table） or a conceptual one （turn off devices by 11 p.m.）， users say these disconnecting26  are improving their relationships.

“Disconnecting is a luxury that we all27 ，” said Lesley M. M. Blume， a New York writer who keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home. “The expectation that we must always be28  to employers， colleagues and family creates a real problem in trying to29  private time. But that private time is more important than ever.”

A popular method for disconnecting is to choose a box for your cellphone， like the milk tin that Ms Holley uses. “ 30  my phone is buzzing or lighting up， it's still a distraction， so it31  in the box，” said Ms Holley. Others choose new32 . “No screens after 11 p.m.，” said Ari. Melber， a TV host. “Now evenings are more33  and I am sleeping better，” he added.

Sleep is a big factor， which is why some34  to leave their phones out of their bedrooms. “I don't want to sleep next to something full of photos and emails，” said Peter Som， a fashion designer， who keeps his phone plugged in in the living room overnight. “It35  is a headclearer and distinguishes daytime and sleep time.”

16. A. piles B. allocates

C. arranges D. places

17. A. picks up B. pays off

C. picks on D. pays back

18. A. examining B. ignoring

C. missing D. finding

19. A. stopped B. forgot

C. began D. suggested

20. A. hate B. want

C. expect D. refuse

21. A. banned B. lost

C. collected D. adjusted

22. A. talked B. agreed

C. provided D. shared

23. A. intend B. choose

C. continue D. happen

24. A. defend B. threaten

C. improve D. occupy

25. A. barrier B. suffering

C. issue D. drawback

26. A. techniques B. performances

C. manners D. achievements

27. A. learn B. consider

C. accept D. need

28. A. dependable B. available

C. convenient D. appealing

29. A. figure out B. save up

C. set aside D. take up

30. A. Unless B. If

C. Until D. Although

31. A. goes B. fills

C. buries D. lays

32. A. games B. orders

C. steps D. rules

33. A. flexible B. urgent

C. relaxing D. upsetting

34. A. admit B. prefer

C. refuse D. permit

35. A. definitely B. rarely

C. finally D. originally

三、閱读理解（共15小题，每题2分，满分30分）

A

Free， Official Sources to Find Unclaimed Money

Does the government owe you money？ There might be unclaimed funds or property waiting for you from savings or checking accounts， wages and pensions， tax refunds （退款）， life insurance policies， and a lot more. Companies may offer to find this money for a fee. And scammers may try to trick you with fake promises of money from the government. But you can find your unclaimed money yourself for free. Check out USA Gov's list of official sources to get started：

Search for unclaimed money and property in every state where you have lived.

You can conduct a multistate search， and keep an eye out at state fairs and even malls， where state treasurers （ST） and other officials hold public awareness events.

Check for unclaimed funds from bank failures or unclaimed deposits from credit union closures.

Did you have money in a checking or savings account at a Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation （FDIC）—insured financial institution？ If the financial institution is closed， you can search the FDIC database （数据库） and you will make it. FDIC has thousands of their banks across the country and deserves your trust.

Search for unclaimed back wages， pension money， or life insurance funds.

Are you owed unpaid wages from your current employer （CP） or a past employer （PP）？ Check the Labor Department's Wage and Hour Division's records to see if you have money waiting to be claimed. You also may be owed a pension if a company you worked for went out of business or ended a defined plan.

36. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？

A. It is likely that several states owe money to you.

B. Malls might witness public awareness events.

C. Scammers are always ready to help you for free.

D. Your past employer might owe you unpaid wages.

37. The organization enabling consumers to confidently place money may be________.

A. ST B. CP

C. PP D. FDIC

B

As autumn slides into winter every year， many birds in Europe and Asia pack up and fly south to sun themselves in the tropical （热带的） African sunshine. When spring rolls around， they return to the temperate Palearctic zone （古北区，欧亚非北部） to mate and raise their children. Researchers wanted to know why these longdistance fliers do not get travellers' flu.

“When we go abroad on holiday， we need all sorts of vaccinations，” says Emily O'Connor， an ecologist at Lund University in Sweden. “But birds don't have the option of drug protection. It puzzled us： How is it they can cope so well with something so difficult for us to cope with？”

To find out， O'Connor and her colleagues classified more than 1，300 songbird species as migratory （迁徙的）， sedentary （不迁徙的） African or sedentary Palearctic—an example of the last is the meadow pipit. They then trapped wild birds from a representative group of 32 species， taking blood samples for genetic analysis. The researchers were looking for genes that encode （把……編码） a class of immune system proteins called MHCⅠ， which are involved in recognizing pathogens （病原体）. The greater the number of such genes， the more kinds of pathogens an animal's immune system can detect， O'Connor says.

By this measure， sedentary African birds had the strongest immune systems. Because most Palearctic birds first evolved in the tropics and later spread northward， the researchers suspect these species developed less MHCⅠ diversity. The results were published in May in Nature Ecology & Evolution.

“Migratory birds， because of the lifestyles they have， have to deal with two separate sets of pathogens，” O'Connor says. “I was expecting them to have the highest gene diversity of all the groups， so I was really surprised to find it was really similar to that of the European birds.”

Young birds are ripest targets for pathogens just after hatching， and the stress of reproduction makes their parents more likely to get sick then， too. For both reasons， O'Connor suspects that evolution may have pushed migratory species to favour genes associated with resistance to pathogens common in the north， where they are born， at the expense of those that protect against tropical germs （病菌）.

Alternatively， migratory species may have invested in other forms of immunity that are not pathogenspecific， says University of Exeter evolutionary biologist Camille Bonneaud， who was not involved in the study. “We now need to further explore whether migratory species invest less in fighting pathogens，” Bonneaud says， “and more in other types of immune processes.”

38. The example of humans' going abroad mentioned in Paragraph 2 is to introduce________.

A. the issue confusing the researchers

B. the topic on migration of songbirds

C. the cause of songbirds' fighting flu

D. the difference made in vaccinations

39. According to O'Connor's study， migratory species may________.

A. sacrifice some immunity to favour another based on reality

B. evolve into the advanced groups with less MHCⅠ diversity

C. develop best immune systems due to the lifestyles they have

D. contain more genes recognizing pathogens than sedentary ones

40. What's the possible conclusion made about O'Connor's study？

A. Birds could handle the flu hard for human beings to deal with.

B. Birds' ability to fight germs may depend on migration patterns.

C. There is other possibility involved in forming birds' immunity.

D. MHCⅠ diversity determines if birds migrate as season changes.

C

Economic decisionmaking involves weighing up differently beneficial alternatives to maximize profits. This sometimes requires foregoing one's desire for immediate satisfaction. Not only does one have to control one's own impulses （沖动）， but also to assess the expected outcomes in order to decide whether waiting is worthwhile.

A team including researchers from MaxPlanckInstitute for Ornithology in Germany and the MaxPlanck Comparative Cognition Research Station in Spain has now investigated economic decisionmaking in four parrot species. The subjects were first trained to learn to associate three food items with particular tokens： a metal loop （環） for the lowvalue food， a metal bracket for the mediumvalue food and a piece of plastic pipe for the highvalue food.

Then the parrots were tested in the conditions carried out by the previous studies and also applied additional test and control conditions. In three conditions the subjects could increase their payoff by choosing the token over the immediately available food. In additional control conditions， however， selecting a token resulted in a lower or equal payoff.

When provided with a choice between food and a token that could be exchanged for a higher quality of food （conditions 1， 2， 3）， all four species chose the token. The results show that parrots are capable of deliberate and profitmaximizing decisions.

When facing the choice between food and a token through which they could obtain food of lesser value （condition 4）， all birds of all four species selected the immediate food reward over the token， even if it was not highly preferred. These findings suggest that the parrots did not merely learn a “select a token over food” rule.

The remaining two control conditions presented situations where the immediate and future food reward was of the same quality to test whether the subjects would avoid the unnecessary effort and extra waiting time by selecting the immediate food reward. The majority of the grey parrots performed poorly and unnecessarily chose the token. However， the blueheaded macaws performed better overall than the other species in the crucial controls.

Auguste von Bayern， the leader of the research team， said， “Given that wild parrots are so difficult to track， we know little about the ecological challenges most parrots face in the wild， such as deciding where to go and how long to stay in a feeding site. However， in our experimental setting we find that they are capable of making decisions so as to maximize their payoff. This is a fascinating indication that such decisions may matter greatly in their natural environment.”

41. From the passage， we can learn that economic decisionmaking________.

A. focuses on profit maximization

B. requires excellent creative skills

C. is beneficial to the control of one's desire

D. is crucial to the assessment of satisfaction

42. How did the researchers test parrots in the study？

A. By comparing the values of different options.

B. By providing the same type of food and token.

C. By creating different test and control conditions.

D. By observing the nature of four species of parrots.

43. What does the underlined world “it” in paragraph 5 refer to？

A. The token.

B. The exchange rule.

C. The highvalue food.

D. The immediate food reward.

44. The passage is mainly about________.

A. economic decisionmaking in parrots

B. the importance of the study of parrots

C. the high intelligence of parrots

D. individual differences in parrots

D

When Laura wanted to go into the garden by the back door， it was blocked by servants.

Something had happened.

“What's the matter？ What's happened？”

“There's been a horrible accident，” said the cook. “A man killed.”

“A man killed！ Where？ How？ When？”

“Know those little cottages just below here， Miss？” Know them？ Of course， Laura knew them.

“Well， there's a young guy living there， name of Scott， a carter. His horse shied （受驚） at a tractionengine， and he was thrown out on the back of his head. Killed.”

“Dead！” Laura stared at the cook.

“Dead when they picked him up，” said the cook. “Just now they were taking the body home. He's left a wife and five little ones.”

“Jose， come here.” Laura caught her sister's sleeve and dragged her through the kitchen into the garden. There she paused. “Jose！” she said， horrified， “however are we going to stop everything？”

“Stop everything， Laura！” cried Jose in astonishment. “What do you mean？”

“Stop the garden party， of course.” Why did Jose pretend？

But Jose was still more amazed. “Stop the garden party？ My dear Laura， don't be so absurd. Of course we can't do anything of the kind. Nobody expects us to. Don't be so extravagant.”

“But we can't possibly have a garden party with a man dead just outside the front gate.”

That really was extravagant. Those little cottages， those miserable houses， had no right to be in that rich neighbourhood in the first place. When Laura and Jose were little they were even forbidden to set foot there because of the rude language and of what they might see. It was dirty and disgusting.

“And just think of what the band would sound like to that poor woman，” said Laura.

“Oh， Laura！” Jose began to be seriously annoyed. “If you're going to stop a band playing every time some one has an accident， you'll lead a very difficult life. I'm every bit as sorry about it as you. But you won't bring a drunken workman back to life by being sentimental （多愁善感的）.”

“Drunk！ Who said he was drunk？” Laura turned angrily on Jose， “I'm going straight up to tell mother.”

“Do， dear，” said Jose， gently.

“Mother， can I come into your room？” Laura turned the big glass doorknob.

“Of course， child. Why， what's the matter？ What's given you such a colour？” And Mrs. Sheridan turned round from her dressingtable. She was trying on a new hat.

“Mother， a man's been killed，” began Laura.

“Not in the garden？” interrupted her mother.

“No， no！”

“Oh， what a fright you gave me！” Mrs. Sheridan sighed with relief， and took off the big hat and held it on her knees.

“But listen， mother，” said Laura. Breathless， halfchoking， she told the dreadful story. “Of course， we can't have our party， can we？” she begged. “The band and everybody arriving. And the poor family would hear us， mother; they're nearly neighbours！”

To Laura's astonishment her mother behaved just like Jose; it was harder to bear because she seemed amused. She refused to take Laura seriously.

“But， my dear child， use your common sense. If some one had died there normally—and I can't understand how they keep alive in those little holes—we should still be having our party， shouldn't we？”

Laura had to say “yes” to that， but she felt it was all wrong.

“Mother， isn't it terribly heartless of us？” she asked.

“Darling！” Mrs. Sheridan got up and came over to her， carrying the hat. “My child！” said her mother， “the hat is yours. It's made for you. Wow！ Look at yourself！” And she held up her handmirror.

“But， mother，” Laura began again. She couldn't look at herself; she turned aside.

This time Mrs. Sheridan lost patience just as Jose had done.

“You are being very absurd， Laura，” she said coldly. “People like that don't expect sacrifices from us. And it's not very sympathetic to spoil everybody's enjoyment as you're doing now.”

“I don't understand，” murmured Laura. Then， quite by chance， she saw this charming girl in the mirror， in the beautiful hat. Never had she imagined she could look like that. Is mother right？ she thought. And now she hoped her mother was right. Am I being extravagant？ Perhaps. Just for a moment she had another glimpse of that poor woman and those little children， and the body being carried into the house. But it all seemed blurred， unreal， like a picture in the newspaper. I'll remember it again after the party's over， she decided. And somehow that seemed quite the best plan...

45. Laura suggested stopping everything because________.

A. something bad had happened in the garden

B. her neighbours were experiencing great grief

C. the servants blocked the back door of the garden

D. she wanted to provide material help for the poor family

46. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us？

A. Laura was trying to submit herself to her family.

B. The news of the carter's death finally hit the headlines.

C. Laura hoped mother was right in choosing that hat for her.

D. A poor man's death was little more than an unimportant thing.

47. What will most probably happen following this story？

A. Laura came up with a best plan to solve all this.

B. Laura managed to persuade her mother and sister.

C. The party just continued as planned in the garden.

D. The poor widow came over to scold the band.

48. Which of the following can best describe Laura？

A. Sentimental and persistent.

B. Optimistic and easygoing.

C. Considerate and sympathetic.

D. Hardworking and openminded.

49. What does the underlined word “extravagant” probably mean？

A. Too sensible. B. Not practical.

C. Too upright. D.Not sympathetic.

50. Which of the following can be the best title of the story？

A. The garden party.

B. The quarrel.

C. The rich and the poor.

D. The death of a neighbour.

四、任务型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。

How to Strengthen Willpower

Many people believe with more willpower they would all eat right， exercise regularly， avoid drugs and alcohol， stop procrastinating （拖延） and achieve all sorts of noble goals. Willpower is not a new concept， but we still do not have widespread awareness of it.

As it turns out， your willpower is like a muscle. And similar to how your muscles get tired at the end of a workout， the strength of your willpower fades as you make more decisions. This makes sense. In a research study published by the National Academy of Sciences， psychologists examined the factors that impact whether or not a judge approves a criminal for parole（假釋）. At the beginning of the day， a judge will give each case a fair shot. But as their energy starts to fade？ Deny， deny， deny.

A large body of research has been developed in recent years to explain many aspects of willpower. Most of the researchers exploring selfcontrol do so with an obvious goal in mind： How can willpower be strengthened？

Avoiding temptation is one effective strategy for maintaining selfcontrol. In Walter Mischel's marshmallow （軟糖） study， the children who stared directly at the treat were less likely to resist it than were kids who closed their eyes， turned away or otherwise distracted themselves. This principle applies to adults， too. One recent study， for instance， found office workers who kept candy in a desk drawer ate less than when they kept the candy in plain sight.

Another helpful technique for improving selfcontrol is an “implementation （履行） intention.” For example， someone who is watching their alcohol intake might say before a party， “If anyone offers me a drink， then I'll ask for club soda.” Research among adolescents and adults has found that implementation intentions improve selfcontrol， even among people whose willpower has been reduced by laboratory tasks.

Just like a muscle that gets tired with heavy use， there is another aspect to the muscle comparison. While muscles become exhausted by exercise in the short term， they are strengthened by regular exercise in the long term. Similarly， regularly exercising selfcontrol may improve willpower strength.

The evidence from willpowerdepletion studies also suggests that making a list of resolutions （心愿） on New Year's Eve is the worst possible approach. Being used in one area can reduce willpower in other areas， so don't try to quit smoking， adopt a healthy diet and start a new exercise plan at the same time. Taking goals one by one is a better approach. Once a good habit is in place， you'll no longer need to draw on your willpower to maintain the behavior. Eventually healthy habits will become routine and won't require making decisions at all.

So next time in the face of temptation， you don't have to worry about the drain on your willpower. With proper approaches， you can train your willpower to stay strong.

五、书面表达（满分25分）

61. 请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

Li Hong： What are you going to be when you grow up？

Sun Ming： I hope to be a pop star like Li Yifeng.

Li Hong： Why do you want to be a pop star？

Sun Ming： You see， pop stars are famous， who have millions of fans.

Li Hong： Do you really think so？

Sun Ming： Pop stars are usually very rich， and as is reported， some stars have a large fortune.

Li Hong： But they are better known for scandals. And it seems that pop stars like divorce.

Sun Ming： What about your life goal， then？

Li Hong： I wish to be a scientist， devoting myself to scientific research.

Sun Ming： But scientists live a simple and dull life. And few people know them.

Li Hong： That's true. They are little known to the public.

Sun Ming： They have to work long hours in the lab every day. I hate that.

Li Hong： They are trying to invent something to enhance the development of the country and benefit people's life.

【写作内容】

1. 用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容;

2. 假如你是一名学生，你倾向于成为明星还是科学家？请说明理由（不少于两点）。

【写作要求】

1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;

3.不必写标题。

【评分标准】

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

参考答案

一、1—5 BDADC 6—10 CDAAC 11—15 BDCDC

二、16—20 DABCB 21—25 ADCBA26—30 ADBCB 31—35 ADCBA

三、36—37 CD 38—40 AAB 41—44 ACDA

45—50 BACCBA

四、51. limited 52. unfair 53. staying / keeping 54. sight 55. plan / intention / aim / goal

56. instead 57. practice / exercise / training

58. time 59. divided / split 60. news

五、Possible version one：

Li Hong and Sun Ming are discussing what they are going to be when they grow up in the future. Li desires to be a scientist while Sun prefers to be a pop star.

I dream of being a pop star. Firstly， it will open the door of becoming famous. To be a pop star will bring me not only a rich life but also great fame. Thousands of fans chase me every day and everywhere. They surround me and follow me， eager to take photos with me and asking for my signature， which makes others envy me. Secondly， pop stars can enjoy happy lives that no one can have imagined. They wear diamonds， go to parities and relax on cushions on private jets. Taking part in constant commercial activities can earn you popularities and profits.

In conclusion， I would like to be a pop star like Li Yifeng to bring cheers and laughter to every household.

Possible version two：

Li Hong and Sun Ming don't agree on what they would like to be in the future. Li's first choice is to be a scientist while Sun thinks being a scientist is a more suitable occupation to him.

I prefer to be a scientist， to be exact， a physicist like Einstein when I grow up. On the one hand， scientists can advance the development of science and technology， which makes our country strong. Although their life is dull and boring， yet I will be proud of scientific advances I have made， which bring convenience to people's lives. On the other hand， pop stars are under pressure to appear young and beautiful， and have to deal with constant media attention. Even worse， some pop stars don't take marriage seriously and lack family and social responsibilities.

To conclude， I wish to be a distinguished scientist， who can make scientific breakthrough in a certain field to benefit human being.

（作者：陳晶晶，江苏省如皋市第一中学）