彭涛 李爱国 何培亮

【摘要】 绝经后雌激素水平下降是导致女性骨质疏松的重要因素之一，目前研究发现，绝经患者体内的一共同特征是机体内的氧化应激水平增高。氧化应激是指体内抗氧化与氧化作用失衡，使机体倾向于氧化，导致产生大量氧化产物蓄积，该机制可能打破了成骨细胞和破骨细胞的动态平衡状态，从而造成骨质疏松的发生。目前发现绝经后骨质疏松与氧化应激关系密切，但具体机制尚未完全阐明。本文通过查询国内外文献，对氧化应激与绝经后骨质疏松发病机制的研究进展进行综述，以此对以后抗绝经后骨质疏松药物做出思考。

【关键词】 氧化应激 骨质疏松症 活性氧

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2020.10.077 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1674-6805（2020）10-0-03

Research Progress on the Relationship between Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and Oxidative Stress/PENG Tao， LI Aiguo， HE Peiliang. //Chinese and Foreign Medical Research， 2020， 18（10）： -188

[Abstract] The decrease of estrogen level after menopause is one of the important factors leading to osteoporosis in women. Current research has found that a common feature in menopausal patients is the increased level of oxidative stress in the body. Oxidative stress refers to the imbalance between antioxidant and oxidative effects in the body， which makes the body tend to oxidize， resulting in the accumulation of a large number of oxidation products. This mechanism may break the dynamic balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts， and cause the occurrence of osteoporosis. At present， it is found that postmenopausal osteoporosis is closely related to oxidative stress， but the specific mechanism has not been fully elucidated. This paper reviews the research progress of oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis by consulting domestic and foreign literature， so as to make a reflection on the future anti-postmenopausal osteoporosis drugs.

[Key words] Oxidative stress Osteoporosis Reactive oxygen species

First-authors address： Guizhou Medical University， Guiyang 550004， China

绝经后骨质疏松症是由于机体内雌激素水平下降，导致骨质流失增加，骨微结构破坏，造成骨脆性增加，从而易于发生骨折的全身性骨病。近年來的研究发现，雌激素具有明显的抗氧化作用，雌激素的缺乏可能会损害抗氧化系统并导致骨骼中氧化应激水平增加[1]。雌激素降低导致的绝经后骨质疏松症的理论虽然已被广泛接受，但其发生机制仍未被充分揭示，而其中以氧化应激介导的发病机制逐渐被人们重视[2]，本文对绝经后骨质疏松与氧化应激研究进展进行综述，现报道如下。

1 氧化应激

人体每天正常的新陈代谢过程中会不断产生自由基，其中约95%为活性氧簇（ROS），包括超氧阴离子（O2-）、过氧化氢（H2O2 ）和羟自由基（·OH）等。其在细胞内与抗氧化防御系统保持动态平衡。……